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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is glomerulonephritis?
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inflammation of the glomeruli (internal kidney structures)
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What are signs and symptoms of glomerulonephritis?
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• blood in the urine (dark, rust-colored, or brown urine)
• foamy urine (indicates protein) • hypertension |
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What can a urinalysis of a patient w/ glomerulonephritis show?
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• dysmorphic RBC
• hematuria • mild proteinuria (< 2g/day) • RBC casts |
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Generally, what are treatment options for patients w/ glomerulonephritis?
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• anti-hypertensive meds
• corticosteroids/immunosuppressives • dietary restrictions (salts, fluids, proteins) • dialysis or kidney transplantation |
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What causes focal segmental glomerulosclerosis?
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• occurs when scar tissue forms in some of the glomeruli of the kidney
• some glomeruli are scarred, while others remain normal • only part of an individual glomerulus is damaged |
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What will immunofluorescence microscopy show in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis?
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• IgM deposits
• Current also says C3 |
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What is Goodpasture's syndrome?
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• a form of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
• involves a progressive decrease in kidney function accompanied by a cough with bloody sputum • antibodies collect in both the kidney glomerulus and the alveoli in the lungs (causing both glomerulonephritis and bleeding in the lungs) |
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Although the exact cause of Goodpasture's syndrome is unknown, what are some factors that have been associated with Goodpasture's syndrome?
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• family history
• hydrocarbon solvent exposure • viral respiratory infection (influenza A) |
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Which type of glomerulonephritis can show iron-deficiency anemia on CBC and hemosiderin-laden (iron-containing) macrophages on sputum stain?
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Goodpasture's syndrome
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What does kidney biopsy show on patients with Goodpasture's syndrome?
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• immune-system deposits with cresent-like deposits
• indicates rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis |
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What are treatment options for Goodpasture's syndrome?
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• corticosteroids
• cyclophosphamide • plasmapheresis |
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What is Berger's disease?
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inflammation of internal kidney structures and the deposition of IgA antibodies in kidney tissue
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How do patients with Berger's disease typically present?
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• typically present with hematuria (microscopic or gross)
• hematuria is frequently associated with upper respiratory infection |
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What are risk factors for Berger's disease?
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• personal or family history of IgA nephropathy
• Henoch-Schonlein purpura (a vasculitis that may cause of lesion identical to the lesion of Berger's disease) |
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What are the two subgroups of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?
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• Type I (more common)
• Type II |
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What is the difference between type I and type II MPGN, regarding deposition of antibodies?
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• Type I: involves deposits of antibodies in the subendothelial layer of the glomerular membrane
• Type II: involes deposits within the flomerular basement membrane |
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Which type of MPGN is more rapid, type I or type II?
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type II
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