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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atypical sx |
vague abdominal pain, acute abdominal or flank pain, nausea, urinary urgency or frequency, difficulty urinating, penile pain, or testicular pain |
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Eighty percent of patients with nephrolithiasis form calcium stones, most of which are composed primarily of ________ or, less often, calcium ___________ |
calcium oxalate, less often, calcium phosphate |
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For calcium oxalate stones, urinary risk factors include (3) |
higher urine calcium, higher urine oxalate, and lower urine citrate |
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dietary risk factors such as (6) |
lower calcium intake, higher oxalate intake, higher animal protein intake, lower potassium intake, higher sodium intake, or lower fluid intake |
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T/F High intake of vitamin C has been associated with a higher risk of stones in men but not women |
True |
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The other main types include (3) |
uric acid, struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate), and cystine stones |
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Dr. Dalal says that CaPO4 and magnesium stones usually indicate |
infectious causes |
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Under scope: coffin shaped stones usually are |
CaPO4 |
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Under scope: pine needle shaped stones |
uric acid |
