Theory #3 - Nepali Verb Conjugation: Future

Front 1

Simple Future Tense examples

Back 1

You will help him later.
Will you help him later?
You will not help him later.

Front 2

Simple Future Tense.
To turn a verb to simple present tense... what do we do?

Back 2

We remove the ‘नु’ (nu) and add the various forms of हुनेछ (hunecha) without the ‘hu’. To conjugate हुनेछ , just replace छ (cha) with its various forms. For example, of ‘तिमी’ it will be -‘नेछौ’ (nechau) while for ‘म’ it will be ‘-नेछुँ’ (nechu).

Front 3

Simple Future Tense
For ‘म’ (ma; I) we add ___ to the verb

Back 3

‘नेछु’. (nechu)

रोक्नु (roknu; to stop) = रोक् (rok) + नेछु = रोक्नेछु (roknechu)

खानु (khanu; to eat) = खा (kha)+ नेछु = खानेछु (khanechu)

Front 4

Simple Future Tense
For ‘हामी’ (hami; We) we add ___ to the verb

Back 4

‘नेछौँ’ (nechau)

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछौँ = रोक्नेछौँ (roknechau)

खानु = खा + नेछौँ = खानेछौँ (khanchau)

Front 5

Simple Future Tense
For ‘तँ’ (Ta ; informal rude version of I) we add ___ to the verb

Back 5

‘नेछस्’(nechas) if the subject is a boy / नेछेस्’ (neches) if the subject is a girl

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछस् = रोक्नेछस् (roknechas)

खानु = खा + नेछस्= खानेछस् (khanechas)

Front 6

Simple Future Tense
For ‘तिमी’ (timi; Informal) we add ___ to the verb

Back 6

‘नेछौ’ (nechau) if the subject is a boy/ नेछ्यौ (nechyau) if the subject is a girl

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछौ = रोक्नेछौ (roknechau)

खानु = खा + नेछौ = खानेछौ (khanechau)

Front 7

Simple Future Tense
For ‘ऊ’ (uu; him) we add ___ to the verb

Back 7

नेछ (necha)

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछ = रोक्नेछ (roknecha)

खानु = खा + नेछ = खानेछ (khanecha)

Front 8

Simple Future Tense
If the subject or the 3rd Person is a girl, then we add ___ to the verb

Back 8

नेछे’ (neche)

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछे = रोक्नेछे (rokneche)

खानु = खा + नेछे = खानेछे (khaneche)

Front 9

Simple Future Tense
If the subject or the 3rd person is a girl but we need to use honorifics or respect speech, we add ___ to the verb

Back 9

‘नेछिन्’ (nechin)

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछिन् = रोक्नेछिन् (roknechin)

खानु = खा + नेछिन् = खानेछिन् (khanechin)

Front 10

Simple Future Tense
For ‘उनीहरु’ (uniharu: they), we add ___

Back 10

नेछन् (nechan)

रोक्नु = रोक् + नेछन् = रोक्नेछन् (roknechan)

खानु = खान् + नेछन् = खानेछन् (khanechan)

Front 11

Simple Future Tense
For उँहा (uha; respect form for him/ her) तपाईँ (tapai; respect form of you), there is a slight change. We leave the verb intact (i.e. the way it is) and add ___

Back 11

‘हुनेछ’

रोक्नु = रोक्नु + हुनेछ = रोक्नुहुनेछ (roknuhunecha)

खानु = खानु + हुनेछ = खानुहुनेछ (khanuhunecha)

Front 12

Future Continuous Tense examples

Back 12

You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.
Will you be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
You will not be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.

Front 13

Future Continuous Tense.
To turn a verb to simple continuous tense... what do we do?

Back 13

Replace ’नु’ (nu) with ‘दै’ (dai) and add the various forms of ‘हुनेछ’ (hunecha) - for future continuous we LEAVE the "hu" on the front of the various forms of "hunecha". The rule is similar to as above. For example, for ‘म’, we replace नु with दै and apply the same rule as above (i.e. म the rule is to add ‘छु’, likewise for हामी, the rule is to add छौँ ).

Front 14

Future Continuous Tense
Therefore, for म, it will be:

Back 14

रोक्नु = रोक् + दै + हुनेछु = रोक्दै + हुनेछु = रोक्दैहुनेछु (rokdaihunechu)

खानु = खा + दै + हुनेछु = खादै + हुनेछु = खादैहुनेछु (khadaihunechu)

Front 15

Future Continuous Tense
And for ऊ (uu; you), it will be:

(go through SFT cards and solve them as though they were FCT)

Back 15

रोक्नु = रोक् + दै + हुनेछ = रोक्दै + हुनेछ = रोक्दैहुनेछ (rokdaihunecha)

खानु = खा + दै + हुनेछ = खादै + हुनेछ = खादैहुनेछ (khadaihunecha)

Front 16

Future Continuous Tense
But for तपाईँ, we need to add ‘हुनु’ (hunu) to हुनेछ (hunecha). So for ‘तपाईँ’ it will be:

Back 16

रोक्नु = रोक् + दै +(हुनु + हुनेछ) = रोक्दै हुनुहुनेछ (rokdai hunuhunecha)

खानु = खा + दै + (हुनु + हुनेछ) = खादै हुनुहुनेछ (khanuhudai thiyo)

Front 17

Future Perfect Tense examples

Back 17

You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.
Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.?
You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the U.S.

Front 18

Future Perfect Tense
How do we conjugate a verb to make it future present tense?

Back 18

This also follows a similar pattern like the two above. Here, if the verb is two letters long, we remove the ‘नु’ and replace it with ‘ए’. If the verb is three letters long, we remove the nu and we convert the second last word into its ‘ए’ form (e.g: if the second last letter is क् then we change that क् into it’s ए form which is के [ke] ). Then we take the verb made by the above process and add का (ka) / की (ki) / को (ko) depending on the plurality. (ko if singular, ka if plural and ki if singular feminine) Then we add the various forms of ‘हुनेछ’ (hunecha).

Front 19

Future Perfect Tense
For ’म’ (speaker: male)

Back 19

रोक्नु = रोक् + एको + हुनेछु = रोकेको + हुनेछु = रोकेको हुनेछु (rokeko hunechu)

खानु = खा + एको + थिएँ = खाएको + हुनेछु = खाएको हुनेछु (khaeko hunechu)

Front 20

Future Perfect Tense
For for ‘ऊ’

Back 20

रोक्नु = रोक् + एको + हुनेछ = रोकेको + हुनेछ = रोकेको हुनेछ (rokeko hunecha)

खानु = खा + एको + हुनेछ = खाएको + हुनेछ = खाएको हुनेछ (khaeko hunecha)

Front 21

But for ‘तपाईँ’, instead of ‘एको’ we have to add ___ to the verb and ___ as a following context

Back 21

add ‘भएको’ (baeko). Then we add ‘हुनेछ’ (hunecha)

रोक्नु = रोक्नु+ भएको + हुनेछ = रोक्नुभएको + हुनेछ = खानुभएको हुनेछ (roknubhaeko hunecha)

खानु = खानु + भएको + एको + हुनेछ = खानुभएको + हुनेछ = खानुभएको हुनेछ (khanubhaeko hunecha)