Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Three different biologies of cancer are ____, ____, and _____
|
Defect in cellular proliferation
Defect in differentiation Metastases |
|
|
3 types of cancer treatments
|
surgery, radiation, chemotherapy
|
|
|
Two kinds of chemotherapy agents
|
cell cycle-specific
cell cycle-nonspecific |
|
|
Cell cycle-specific agents are
|
toxic when cell at specific phase of cycle
schedule dependent |
|
|
Cell cycle-nonspecific agents are
|
toxic througout the cell cycle
dose dependent |
|
|
The action of alkalating agents is to ____ and is used in
|
damage DNA
hematologic and solid cancers |
|
|
Side Effects of Alkalating agents
|
Bone marrow depression, N/V
|
|
|
The action of antimetabolites is to ______ and is used in _____
|
interfere with metabolic processes
used in hematologic and solid cancers |
|
|
Plant alkaloids are used in _____ with the action of ______
|
hematologic and solid cancers
interfering with mitosis |
|
|
The action of antineoplastic antibiotics is to ______ with use in _______ cancers
|
damage DNA (most are cell-cycle specific)
hematologic and solid |
|
|
Corticosteroids are used in neoplasms for ______ and ______
|
lymphomas/leukemias suppressing mitosis
palliation |
|
|
Hormone dependent tumors are _____ and _____
|
androgens/antiestrogens (breast CA)
estrogens/antiandrogens (prostate CA) |
|
|
Major side effects of hormones
|
androgens/antiestrogens-masculinization
estrogens/antiandrogens-feminization |
|
|
Two types of bone marrow stimulants are _____ and ______
|
Procrit
Neupogen |
|
|
Action of Procrit is to ______
|
stimulate RBC production in bone marrow
treats chemo induced anemias |
|
|
Action of Neupogen is to ______
|
stimulate neutrophil production in bone marrow
treatment of chemo-induced neutropenia |
|
|
IV Chemotherapy cautions and signs/symptoms
|
many are vesicants
extravasation pain, redness, swelling |
|
|
Chemo excreta precautions
|
drugs excreted in feces/urine
latex gloves/protection equip flush excreta x2 soiled linens precautions |
|
|
Chemo personnel recommendations
|
teach safety to all involved
no pregnant/lactating distribute workload incident report and f/u for exposures |
|
|
Major adverse reactions of chemo
|
bone marrow suppression
N/V anorexia GI disturbances alopecia avoid pregnancy |
|
|
Neutropenia/leukopenia effects from bone marrow depression
|
WBC's affected w/in 1 week
reverse isolation less than 1,000 wbc handwashing/monitor for infection teach to avoid crowds/infectious |
|
|
Thrombocytopenia from bone marrow depression
|
platelets affected w/in 2-3wks
protect from injury-no IM/avoid ASA/NSAIDS teach soft toothbrush, no razors |
|
|
Anemia due to bone marrow depression
|
RBC affected w/in 120 days
fatigue Monitor RBC |
|
|
Stomatitis occurs ____ days after chemo starts
|
5-7
|
|
|
Client's on chemo should be on a ______, _____, and ______ diet
|
small frequent, high protein, high calorie diet
|
|
|
Alopecia considerations with chemo
|
encourage client to purchase wig before hair loss begins
usually not permanent other body hair may be lost too |
|
|
Definition of apoptosis
|
normal cells have a genetically programmed life-cycle including cell death
|
|
|
Combination therapy uses a ______ and ______ agents
|
both a cell cycle specific and cell cycle non-specific drug at the same time
|
|
|
The goal of chemotherapy is to ______
|
control the growth of the cancer cells
|
|
|
Chemotherapy is most effective when _______
|
cells of the tumor are small in number and rapidly dividing
|
|
|
The criteria used to choose the type of chemo are ____,_____, and ______
|
type of cells
growth rate size of tumor |
|
|
Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is used in ______
|
treatment of breast cancer w/HER-2 positive tumors
|
|
|
Three types of emesis associated with antineoplastic therapy are
|
acute
delayed anticipatory |
|
|
The ability of a malignant tumor to invade surrounding tissue and develop growths in other tissues distant to the site of original growth is called
|
Metastasis
|
|
|
Two natural derivatives of the periwinkle plant used in neoplasm treatment are ______ and ______
|
oncoyin
vinblastine |
