Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Increase in the size of cells
|
hypertrophy
|
|
|
increase in the number of cells
|
hyperplasia
|
|
|
causes of hypertrophy
|
hormonal and functional demand
|
|
|
causes of hyperplasia
|
hormonal, compensatory, pahtological
|
|
|
cell change from an adult type into another. Normally from environmental stress.
|
metaplasia
|
|
|
loss of uniformity of cells
|
dysplasia
|
|
|
dysplasia may often look like cancer but has not escaped its area this is known as....
|
"carcinoma in situ"
|
|
|
mixed tumor of germ cells
|
teratoma
|
|
|
glandular tumor
|
adenoma
|
|
|
squamous cells
|
papilloma
|
|
|
tissues of mesenchymal origin
|
sarcoma
|
|
|
4 characteristics of benign tumor
|
well differentiated, noninvasive, usually encapsulated, slow growing
|
|
|
benign tumor that may cause bitemporal heminaopsia by pressing on the inferior surface of optic chiasm at midline
|
pituitary adenoma
|
|
|
oversecretion of cortisol
|
Cushing's Syndrome
|
|
|
characteristics associated with Cushing's Syndrome?
|
Englargement of the heart, moon facies, abdominal straie, emotional, early osteoporosis, truncal enlargement
|
|
|
over secretion of growth hormone after the bone growth plate has closed.
|
acromegaly
|
|
|
over secretion of growth hormone before puberty.
|
giantism
|
|
|
tumor of glands
|
papilloma
|
|
|
5 characteristic of malignant tumors
|
anaplastic, invasive rapid growth, metastatic, no capsule
|
|
|
proteins that attach to nearby blood vessels and stimulate growth towards the tumor
|
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)
|
|
|
Critical Size for a tumor
|
0.5-2mm
|
|
|
enzyme secreted by tumors to move through the tissue
|
collagenase
|
|
|
2 malignant tumors that cannot metastasize
|
basal cell carcinoma, gliomas
|
|
|
most secondary tumors in the eye come from____ in men and ____ in women
|
lung, breast
|
|
|
historical rule of thumb: carcinomas spread by ____ and sarcomas by _____.
|
lymphatic, blood
|
|
|
most abdominal tumors will enter the _____ secondary
|
liver
|
|
|
tumors in the lungs are most commonly secondary to the ____.
|
liver
|
|
|
When grading the degree of anaplasiz what is staging based on? Give Examples of this system.
|
size of the primary lesion and spread to regional lymph nodes.
TNM and AJC |
|
|
This is released at high levels during an inflammation and may be an indicator of cancer.
|
PSA
|
