Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Comte, Spencer, and Durkeim all were early what?
|
Sociologist
|
|
The Soc perspective can lead to the?
|
Sociological Imagination
|
|
What major event led to the development of sociology as a field of study?
|
Industrial Revolution
|
|
The 3 theoretical perspectives in soc. are the?
|
Functionalist, Interactionist, Conflict.
|
|
This man believed the economy affects social structure.
|
Karl Marx
|
|
The founder of Sociology is?
|
Auguste Comte
|
|
The empathetic understanding of meanings others attach to their actions is called?
|
Verstehen
|
|
A systematic explanation of the relationship among phenomena is called what?
|
Theory
|
|
Studying the societal consequences of the development of computers would most likely be of interest to?
|
Functionalist Sociologists
|
|
This social science focuses on societies and examines present simple cultures.
|
Anthropology
|
|
This science studies social interaction, emphasizes group behavior, and studies human society.
|
Sociology
|
|
This social science focuses on goods and services, and examines wants and needs.
|
Economics
|
|
This is a general description, was developed by weber, and examines essential features of an aspect of society.
|
Concept of ideal type
|
|
This social science studies the past to explain current social behaviors and examines the past.
|
History
|
|
This perspective focuses on meanings individuals attach to their actions, emphasizes symbols, and studies human interaction.
|
Interactionist Perspective
|
|
This was developed by spencer, is based on a biological model, and on the concept of "survival of the fittest".
|
Social Darwinism
|
|
This social science examines voting patterns and studies government.
|
Political Science
|
|
Cooking utensils are part of:
|
Material Culture
|
|
3 Components of culture are:
|
Language, values, symbols
|
|
Norms without great significance.
|
Folkways
|
|
Smallest unit of culture.
|
Culture Trait
|
|
Shared rules of conduct that tell you how to act.
|
Norms
|
|
Combination of a number of culture complexes into one interrelated whole is:
|
Culture pattern
|
|
Shared beliefs about what is good, bad,right, wrong, desirable, undesirable.
|
Values
|
|
Cluster of interrelated culture traits.
|
Cultural complex
|
|
Belief that cultures should be judged by their own perspective
|
Cultural relativism
|
|
Written rule of conduct enacted by govenment
|
Law
|
|
Neo-nazis, skinheads or devil worshipers are?
|
Subcultures
|
|
Norms, values, symbols, language and objects make up?
|
Culture
|
|
Physical objects of material culture.
|
Artifacts
|
|
Values are to beliefs as norms are to:
|
Behaviors
|
|
A ranked authority structure that operates according to specific rules
|
Bureaucracy
|
|
Vegtables grown in gardens make up the main substance strategy of what type of society?
|
Horticulture
|
|
Large, complex secondary group established to achieve specific goals
|
Formal organization
|
|
Breaking with past experiences and learning new values and norms
|
Resocialization
|
|
A reward or punishment given by a formal organization is called a:
|
Formal Sanction
|
|
The enforcing of norms through eitehr sanctions or internalization
|
Social control
|
|
Process by which a norm becomes a part of one's personality
|
Internalization
|
|
Spontaneous expression of approval or disapproval.
|
Informal Sanction
|
|
Commitment to the full development of one's talents and potential.
|
Self-Fulfillment
|
|
When people make a long-term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change.
|
Social Movement
|
|
Extreme Self-centeredness.
|
Narcissism
|
|
The blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity.
|
Assimilation
|
|
Using existing knowledge to create something that did not previously exist.
|
Invention
|
|
These are American Values that involve right and wrong, including helping the less fortunate.
|
Morality and Humanitarianism
|
|
Values and beliefs, technology, and physical environment all can be said to cause what?
|
Social Change
|
|
These produce conflict, are vital to teh stability of society, are not upheld to the same degree for all, and DO NOT stay the same over time.
|
Values
|
|
These are American Values that are the least common source of social change, bring advances in technology and medicine, and produce the greatest change in the least amount of time.
|
Wars and Conquests
|
|
This involves the spreading of culture traits, is spread by instant communication, and is seen in the worldwide distribution of American Products.
|
Diffusion
|
|
What are the following characteristics of: satisfaction with the present, happy to maintain current life-styles, and resistance of change.
|
Vested Interest
|
|
These could include ribbons, badges, medals, praise, cheers, and are usually first experienced within the family.
|
Positive Sanctions
|
|
Vested interests, cultural lag, and ethnocentrism are all sources of what?
|
Resistance to social change.
|
|
Freedom, personal achievement, and equality are all examples of what?
|
American Values
|
|
Results because changes in material culture are accepted more quickly than nonmaterial changes, because some aspects of culture change less rapidly than other aspects, and involves resistance to change.
|
Cultural Lag
|
|
A system of statuses, roles, values and norms organized to satisfy one or more basic needs of society is called:
|
Social Institution
|
|
The smallest group possible is a:
|
Dyad
|
|
Atribution, mediation, and compromise are all examples of:
|
Accomodation
|
|
Network of interrelated statuses and roles that guides human behavior:
|
Social Structure
|
|
Competition, exchange, and accomodation are examples of:
|
Social Interactionalist
|
|
The practice of exchanging one good for another is?
|
Barter
|
|
Corresponding roles that define the pattern of interaction between related statuses are?
|
Reciprocal Roles
|
|
The basis of exchange theory is?
|
Reciprocity
|
|
Occupation is a(n)___________status.
|
Achieved
|
|
Specialization of people or groups in performance of specific economic activities is:
|
Division of Labor
|
|
Expected behavior of someone occupying a particular status.
|
A role
|
|
This theory holds that people are motivated by self-interest and their interactions with other people is called:
|
Exchange Theory
|
|
A status assigned according to standards beyond one's control is called:
|
Ascribed Status
|
|
Family members are to primary group as co-workers are to:
|
Secondary Group
|
|
Takes place when a person has difficulty meeting a role expectation of a single status:
|
Role strain
|
|
Type of society that relies on draft animals and plows to till fields is a:
|
Agricultural Society
|
|
These can be inherited, are thought by some to influence behavior patterns, and are the basis of the nature arguement concerning personality.
|
Instincts
|
|
This concept was proposed by John Locke, it involves newborn children, and means "clean slate"
|
Tabula Rosa
|
|
Military boot camps, mental hospitals, and prisons are examples of what?
|
Total Institutions
|
|
Heredity, parental characteristics, and birth order are factors taht influence what?
|
Personality Development
|
|
Peer groups, schools, and mass media are examples of what?
|
Agents of Socialization
|
|
Interactive prcoess by which we develop an image of ourselves based on whow we imagine we appear to others.
|
The self looking glass
|
|
capacity to learn a particular skill or aquire a particular way of knowledge
|
Aptitude
|
|
The transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children
|
heredity
|
|
The rights, obligations, and expectations of a role in preparations for assuming that role at a future date
|
Anticipatory Socialization
|
|
The physical maturing that makes a person capable of sexual reproduction
|
Puberty
|
|
Living in a hostile family situation, having social and academic adjustment problems, and having friends who regularly use drugs are all associated with:
|
Teenage drug use
|
|
Under what type of dating system did men probably pay the expense of the date?
|
Traditional
|
|
Establishing personal norms and values is a characteristic of what age group"seraching for themselves"
|
Adolescence
|
|
Greatest source of pressure on teenagers probably comes from
|
Their peers
|
|
Tendencey to marry people who have the same social characteristics as you is called
|
Homogamy
|
|
Gambling, illegal drug use, and vagrancy are
|
Victemless Crimes
|
|
Theory that views deviance as the result of competition and social inequalities
|
A crime syndicate
|
|
Accepting both the cultural goals and the means of achieving these goals is called what?
|
Conformity
|
|
Sanctions used to punish criminals
|
Corrections
|
|
Situation results in a person being labeled as deviant and accepting that label
|
Secondary Deviance
|
|
Theory that suggests that people who commit deviant acts have weak community ties
|
The control theory
|
|
Theory that suggests that people who commit deviant acts have weak community ties
|
The control theory
|
|
Non-conformity that goes undetected
|
Primary Deviance
|
|
Repeated criminal behavior
|
Recidivism
|
|
A situation when norms are unclear
|
Anomie
|
|
Shift from being an independent adult to being dependent on other assistance is
|
Dependency
|
|
Adult female development can be distinguished from adult male development by female emphisis on
|
Marriage
|
|
Satisfaction with retirement is associated with financial security and
|
Good Heath
|
|
Having heath insurance, a secure job, and opportunity to learn new skills are associated with
|
Job Satisfaction
|
|
Increase in number of working women is the biggest change in the composition of
|
Labor Force
|
|
Average number of years a person born at a particular period of time can expect to live is
|
Life Expectancy
|
|
Farmers make up approxomently-----of the labor force
|
3%
|
|
The occupational category that includes doctors, librarians, nurses and teachers is
|
Professional Specialty
|
|
Combination of statuses, roles, activities, goals, values, beliefs, and life circumstances that characterize an individual is a
|
Life Map
|
|
An organic condition that results in the progressive destruction of brain cells is.
|
Alzheimers
|