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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Origin:
Platysma (inferior attachment) |
Subcutaneous fascia covering the pectoralis major and the deltoid
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Insertion:
Platysma (superior attachment) |
Lower margin of madible, and subcutaneous fascia and muscles of jaw and mouth
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Action:
Platysma |
Draws down the lower lip and angle of mouth, tenses skin of neck; helps depress mandible
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The muscle that tenses the neck when shaving.
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Platysma
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Origin:
Sternocleidomastoid (inferior attachment) |
Sternal head - manubrium of sternum
Clavicular head - superior border of medial third of clavicle |
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Insertion:
Sternocleidomastoid (superior attachment) |
Mastoid process of temporal and lateral half of superior nuchal line
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Action:
Sternocleidomastoid |
Contraction of one side - bends neck laterally and rotates head to opposite side.
Contraction of both sides together - flexes neck; with head fixed it assists in elevating the thorax during forced inspiration |
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Spasms in this muscle causes "wryneck" or torticollis.
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Sternocleidomastoid
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Trigger Points:
Sternocleidomastoid |
Along the entire length of both heads of the muscle.
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Referred Pain Pattern:
Sternocleidomastoid |
Head and face, especially in the occipital region, ear, and forehead.
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Synergists:
Sternocleidomastoid |
Scalene group
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Antagonist:
Sternocleidomastoid |
Erector Spinae group
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Origin:
Longus Capitus (inferior attachment) |
Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the 3rd through 6th cervical vertebrae
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Insertion:
Longus Capitus (superior attachment) |
Basilar process of occipital bone anterior to foramen magnum.
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Action:
Longus Capitis |
Flexes cervical vertebrae and head
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Synergists:
Longus Capitis |
- Longus colli
- Sternocleidomastoid - Scalanes Group - Platysma |
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Antagonist:
Longus Capitis |
-Rectus Capitis Poster Superior and Inferior
-Longissimus capitis |
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Origin:
Acalenus Anterior (superior attachment) |
Anterior tubercle of the transverse processes of the third through sixth cervical vertebrae
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Insertion:
Scalenus Anterior (inferior attachment) |
Scalene tubercle on the inner border and upper surface of the first rib
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Action:
Scalenus Anterior |
Bends the cervical portion of the vertebral column forward and laterally. Also assists in the elevation of the first rib.
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Trigger points:
Scalenus Anterior |
Multiple, along the length of the muscle.
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Referred Pain Pattern:
Scalenus Anterior |
along the upper and lower arm, lateral side of the hand and just lateral to the midline in both the anterior and posterior upper thorax
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Synergists:
Scalenus Anterior |
- Scalene Muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid - Longus Capitis - Longus Colli |
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Antagonists:
Scalenus Anterior |
- Upper divisions of erector spinae muscles
- Rhomboids - Rectus posterior |
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Origin:
Scalenus Medius (superior attachment) |
Front of the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the second through seventh cervical vertebrae
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Insertion:
Scalenus Medius (inferior attachment) |
Upper surface of the first rib
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Action:
Scalenus Medius |
Acting from above, it helps to raise the first rib. Acting from below, it laterally flexes the neck.
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Trigger points:
Scalenus Medius |
Multiple, along the length of the muscle
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Referred Pain Pattern:
Scalenus Medius |
Along the upper and lower arm, lateral side of the hand and just lateral to the midline in both the anterior and posterior upper thorax.
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Synergists:
Scalenus Medius |
- Other scalene muscles
- Sternocleidomastiod - Longus capitus - Longus colli |
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Antagonist:
Scalenus Medius |
- upper divisions of the erector spinae muscles
- rhomboids - rectus posterior muscles |
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Muscles that act as an accessory muscles of respiration by raising the first and second ribs to assist in inspiration
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Scalenes
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Origin:
Scalenus Posterior (superior attachment) |
Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the fourth through sixth cervical vertebrae
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Insertion:
Scalenus Posterior (inferior attachment) |
Outer surface of the second rib
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Action:
Scalenus Posterior |
Raises second rib. When the second rib is fixed, bends the lower end of the cervical portion of the vertebral column to the same side.
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Trigger Point:
Scalenus Posterior |
In the belly near the rib attachment
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Referred Pain Pattern:
Scalenus Posterior |
Pectoral region, rhomboid region, and entire length of the arm to the hand.
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Synergists:
Scalenus Posterior |
- Other scalene muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid - Longus capitus - Longus colli |
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Antagonists:
Scalenus Posterior |
- Upper divisions of erector spinae muscles, rhomboids, rectus posterior muscles
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