Neck Iii

Front 1

Borders of the Carotid triangle

Back 1

SCM (ant. edge)
Superior belly of Omohyoid
Posterior belly of Digastric

Front 2

Contents of muscular triangle

Back 2

4 Infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid thyroid gland

Front 3

Boundaries of muscular triangle

Back 3

superior belly of Omohyoid Muscle
Anterior SCM
Midline of neck

Front 4

Borders of the unimpaired submental triangle

Back 4

Hyoid Bone inferiorly
Left and Right Anterior Bellies of Digastric Muscle laterally
Floor - Mylohyoid Muscles

Front 5

Contents of the submental triangle

Back 5

Submental lymph nodes
receive lymph from tip of tongue, floor of mouth
Small veins that join to form Anterior Jugular Vein.

Front 6

Characteristics of the thyroid

Back 6

U shaped structure on either side of trachea
2 large lobes - isthmus covers rings 2-4 of trachea
Covered with pretracheal Fascia - holds it to trachea

Front 7

Arterial blood supply to the Thyroid

Back 7

Superior and Inferior Thyroid Art.

Front 8

Veins of the thyroid

Back 8

Superior thyroid vein drains superior into Internal Jugular V.
Middle thyroid vein drains lateral into int. jugular v.
Inferior thyroid vein drains inferior into brachiocephalic v.

Front 9

Thyroid innervation

Back 9

thyroid innervated by branches of sympathetic chain and vagus

Front 10

Contents of the Carotid sheath

Back 10

Internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve

Front 11

Vertebral Artery

Back 11

from 1st part of Subclavian
ascends through foramen transversarium of C1-C6 enters skull via foramen magnum. L and R join to form Basilar Artery

Front 12

Inferior thyroid artery

Back 12

to post side of thyroid gland anterior to the Ant. Scalene

Front 13

Transverse cervical artery

Back 13

superficial to Trapezius
deep to rhomboids
*sometimes, deep comes off subclavian = descending scapular art. then superficial = superficial cervical art.

Front 14

Suprascapular artery

Back 14

no branches in neck. supplies muscles around the scapula

Front 15

Internal thoracic artery

Back 15

travels inferiorly
gives anterior intercostal art to 1st 6 intercostal spaces

Front 16

Costocervical trunk

Back 16

superior and posterior over apex of pleuradivides:
Superior Intercostal
Deep Cervical - muscles in back of neck

Front 17

External jugular

Back 17

superficial, empties into subclavian vein

Front 18

Anterior jugular

Back 18

variable, empties into ext. jugular vein

Front 19

Subclavian vein

Back 19

anterior to Ant. Scalene
medial continuation of axillary vein ends by joining internal jugular vein to form brachiocephalic vein
posterior to medial end of clavicle and drains into sup. vena cava

Front 20

Vagus nerve

Back 20

*Main parasympathetic nerve to organs of thorax and abdomen
*Travels in carotid sheath, posterior to int. jugular and carotid artery
*Travels anterior to the 1st part of the subclavian art (medial to the Ant.Scalene)
*On the right: gives off R recurrent laryngeal nerve - passes around subclavian and loops upward between esophagus and trachea to larynx
*Vagus branches in the neck: pharyngeal, laryngeal and cardiac branches
*Laryngeal gives rise to a branch to the Carotid body

Front 21

Phrenic nerve

Back 21

C3-C5 ventral roots. Sole innervation to the diaphragm. Travels on anterior surface of anterior scalene

Front 22

Sympathetic chain

Back 22

In fascia of posterior carotid sheath at level of 1st rib

Front 23

Thoracic duct

Back 23

Drains lymph into venous system. Drains from entire lower body and upper left . Seen on the left side in the neck. Enters neck though superior thoracic aperture at left border of esophagus
Goes more superior than its destination. Arches posterior to carotid sheath and anteiror to sympathetic trunk. Courses inferiorly to thyrocervical trunk and enters junction of subclavian And internal jugular veins. Right side of head, neck, upper limb and thorax drained by Right lymphatic duct into junction of R internal Jugular and R Subclavian veins

Front 24

Thyroid

Back 24

U shaped structure on either side of trachea
2 large lobes - isthmus covers rings 2-4 of trachea
Covered with pretracheal Fascia - holds it to trachea

Front 25

Blood supply to the thyroid

Back 25

Superior and Inferior Thyroid Art

Front 26

Superior thyroid

Back 26

1st branch of Ext. Carotid Art. near split of Int/Ext. courses inferiorly ends on anterior surface of thyroid anastomoses with superior thyroid art from other side on isthmus and sends off numerous branches

Front 27

Inferior thyroid

Back 27

1st branch of thyrocervical trunk off subclavian artery
goes superior anterior to Ant Scalene. posterior to carotid sheath ends on posterior side of thyroid.

Front 28

Venous drainage of the thyroid

Back 28

Superior thyroid vein: drains superior into Int. Jugular V.
Middle thyroid vein: drains lateral into int. jugular v.
Inferior thyroid vein: drains inferior into brachiocephalic v.

Front 29

Nerves of the thyroid

Back 29

thyroid innervated by branches of sympathetic chain and vagus

Front 30

Parathyroid glands

Back 30

Generally, 4 in number, 2 on each side. Inferior are variable in position usually on inferior part of thyroid. Superior usually over middle of lobes. Located under the fascia of the thyroid gland. But also have their own 'proper' capsule. Supplied by branches of inferior or superior thyroid arteries. Drained by thyroid venous plexus. Innervated by branches of the cervical sympathetic ganglia

Front 31

Esophagus

Back 31

Portion of digestive tract from the pharynx to the stomach.
Extremely muscular tube
Lies between the trachea and the anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column. The recurrent laryngeal nerves ascend between the trachea and the esophagus
On right: in contact with cervical pleura. On left: the thoracic duct lies between the esophagus and pleura.

Front 32

Enveloping fascia

Back 32

(superficial layer of the deep fascia). encircles neck, encloses all structures except platysma (in superf. fascia)

Front 33

Inferior fascial plane

Back 33

attached to the manubrium of the sternum, clavicle and acromion and spine of scapula
separates over manubrium to form the suprasternal space

Front 34

Prevertebral fascia

Back 34

transverse extension from one enveloping layer to another.
Anterior to the prevertebral muscles separates neck into areas post to prevertebral fascia and ant to prevertebral fascia

Front 35

Carotid sheath

Back 35

Surrounds the internal jugular, vagus and common or internal carotid artery. Extends from the base of the skull to the root of the neck

Front 36

Pretracheal sheath

Back 36

Anterior part of the neck. Surrounds the thyroid, esophagus and trachea. Blends with the carotid sheath laterally

Front 37

Infrahyoid muscles

Back 37

The infrahyoid muscles are surrounded by fascia. Attach to the hyoid superiorly and sternum inferiorly