Nd Chapter 15

Front 1

_____can lead a child to develop lifelong healthful food habits

Back 1

parent

Front 2

infant’s birth weight _____ in the first 4 to 6 months of life

Back 2

doubles

Front 3

infant’s weight ______in the first year of life

Back 3

triples

Front 4

reflection of poor nutrition

Back 4

(undernutrition)

Front 5

___% of children under the age of 5 years of age are short and
underweight for their age;

Back 5

33

Front 6

mild ____ deficiencies have been linked to poor growth

Back 6

zinc

Front 7

-weight-for-length
-length-for-age
-weight-for-age
-head circumference-for-age

Back 7

birth to 36 months of age options to assess infant growth and development

Front 8

of 100 children, individual is taller than 89% and shorter than 10%

Back 8

90th percentile height-for-age

Front 9

-considered average
-of 100 children, individual is taller than 49% and shorter than 50%

Back 9

50th percentile height-for-age

Front 10

weight-for-height percentile values can be disturbing if the child approaches the _______ percentiles

Back 10

80th to 90th

Front 11

___ percentile (or above) for BMI is considered at risk for overweight

Back 11

85th

Front 12

at or above the ___ percentile for BMI is considered overweight

Back 12

95th

Front 13

several studies have determined that breastfed babies have____ IQs than babies fed
infant formula

Back 13

higher

Front 14

most overweight infants become ______preschoolers without excessive diet restrictions

Back 14

normal-weight

Front 15

after the first year, fat intake can range from ____ of calorie intake for ages 1 to 3 years,

Back 15

30% to 40%

Front 16

fat intake can range from____ of calorie intake for older children and teenagers

Back 16

25% to 35%

Front 17

-poor infant-parent interaction
-lack of a parental role model
-apathy concerning the child’s welfare
-parent’s inexperience; misinformation
-inappropriate feeding practices

Back 17

links to inadequate or improper care

Front 18

basis of an infant’s diet for the____ year is human milk or infant formula

Back 18

first

Front 19

high in fat and energy content

Back 19

human milk or infant formula

Front 20

60 grams per day at 0 to 6 months of age

Back 20

Carbohydrates

Front 21

95 grams per day at 7 to 12 months of age

Back 21

Carbohydrates

Front 22

9 grams/day for younger infants

Back 22

protein needs

Front 23

14 grams/day for older infants

Back 23

protein needs

Front 24

excess minerals and nitrogen supplied by high-protein diets would place stress on the
infant’s______ to excrete the waste products of protein metabolism

Back 24

kidneys

Front 25

fats are energy (calorie) dense

Back 25

fats

Front 26

fats are vital to the development of the ___________ system

Back 26

nervous

Front 27

nervous system (especially the brain and ______) depends on these fatty acids for
proper development

Back 27

eyes

Front 28

iron stores that infants are born with are usually depleted by ____ months of age

Back 28

4 to 6

Front 29

need solid foods by the age of 6 months to supply extra ________

Back 29

iron (breastfed infants)

Front 30

iron deficiency anemia may lead to poor mental development in infants

Back 30

iron deficiency anemia

Front 31

infant needs about __cups of fluid per day

Back 31

3

Front 32

-lactose and/or sucrose for carbohydrate
-heat treated ___________ from cow’s milk
-vegetable oils for fat

Back 32

proteins (formula composition)

Front 33

too high in mineral and protein content for infants

Back 33

cow’s milk

Front 34

hot water from the ____should not be used to make formula

Back 34

faucet

Front 35

stomach sleeping position has been linked to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Back 35

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Front 36

at the end of the first year the infant should be eating a variety of meats, vegetables, fruits and whole grains

Back 36

first

Front 37

kidney function is limited until____ weeks of age

Back 37

4 to 6

Front 38

waste products from excessive amounts of dietary ___ or ____ are difficult to excrete

Back 38

protein or minerals

Front 39

infant’s intestinal tract can absorb whole proteins from _____ months of age

Back 39

birth to ~ 5

Front 40

early exposure to some types of proteins may predispose a child to future____and other health problems (such as diabetes)

Back 40

allergies

Front 41

-solid foods should not be introduced until about 6 months of age
-infants receive no unaltered cow’s milk prior to the age of one

Back 41

American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations

Front 42

first solid foods ____be iron-fortified cereals

Back 42

should

Front 43

-build to a ___________ of foods
-pay attention to the infant’s appetite to avoid overfeeding or underfeeding
-infants need fat (helps in ____________ system development)
-choose fruits, vegetables and grains (do not overdo high-fiber foods)
-infants need sugars in moderation
-infants need sodium (salt) in moderation
-choose foods containing iron, zinc and calcium

Back 43

Dietary Guidelines for Infant Feeding

Front 44

American Academy of Pediatrics urges parents not to give children under the age of 2 ______ or _____

Back 44

fat-reduced, 1% or non-fat milk

Front 45

-egg whites and cow’s milk
-nuts and chocolate

Back 45

foods that tend to cause allergies

Front 46

(low in folate, iron, vitamin C and vitamin D)

Back 46

goat’s milk

Front 47

growth rate _____ between the ages of 2 to 5 years

Back 47

slows

Front 48

multivitamin and mineral supplements are generally ____ for healthy children

Back 48

unnecessary

Front 49

-leads to reduced _____________ and learning ability
-lowered resistance to disease

Back 49

stamina ( low oxygen supply to cells - iron deficiency anemia)

Front 50

-eat more dietary fiber
-fruits and vegetables
-whole grain breads and cereals
-drink more fluids
-4 cups per day for toddlers
-5 cups per day for older children

Back 50

dietary interventions for constipation

Front 51

in the US ~ ___% of school-age children are overweight or obese

Back 51

30

Front 52

significant long-term health problems associated with obesity will usually appear in adulthood

Back 52

-obesity consequences -cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure (hypertension)

Front 53

gain ~ 12 inches in height

Back 53

boys experience a rapid growth spurt between 12 and 15 years of age

Front 54

gain ~ 10 inches in height

Back 54

most girls begin a rapid growth spurt between 10 and 13 years of age

Front 55

provide ~ 50% of ultimate adult weight
provide ~ 15% of ultimate adult height

Back 55

growth spurts for girls and boys

Front 56

increased fatigue and decreased ability to concentrate and learn

Back 56

iron-deficiency anemia

Front 57

AI for ages 9 to 18 is 1300 milligrams of calcium per day

Back 57

calcium

Front 58

excessive amounts taken during pregnancy can cause birth defects

Back 58

vitamin A

Front 59

involves responses of the ____________ system to a foreign protein

Back 59

immune (allergies)

Front 60

(antigens) are proteins that
stimulate the immune system)

Back 60

allergens

Front 61

a mild reaction to a substance in a food

Back 61

food sensitivity

Front 62

a severe, all-systems reaction

Back 62

anaphylactic shock

Front 63

restrictive diet that systematically tests foods that may cause an allergic response
by first eliminating them for 1 to 2 weeks and them adding them back one at a time

Back 63

elimination diet

Front 64

-milk and eggs
-tree nuts (walnuts, pecans, etc), peanuts and wheat
-seafood, shellfish and soy products

Back 64

most common contributors

Front 65

adverse reactions to foods that do not involve allergic mechanisms

Back 65

Food Intolerance

Front 66

toxic contaminants from food-borne microbes (including Clostridium, Salmonella)

Back 66

common causes of food intolerances

Front 67

constituents of certain foods (red wine, tomatoes, pineapples) that have a drug-like activity

Back 67

common causes of food intolerances

Front 68

certain synthetic compounds that are added to foods (coloring agents and monosodium
______________ (MSG)

Back 68

glutemate
(common causes of food intolerances)

Front 69

deficiencies in digestive enzymes such as __________

Back 69

lactase
(common causes of food intolerances)