Nclex Review Senses

Front 1

Miotic:

Back 1

remember: little word, little pupil

Front 2

Mydriatic:

Back 2

remember big work, big pupils

Front 3

Parasympathomimetics:

Back 3

"mimic" the parasympathetic nervous system.
constrict pupils
enhance aqueous humor outflow
reduce interocular pressure

Front 4

Parasympathomimetic meds:

Back 4

Acetylcholine (Miochol-E)
Pilocarpine (Ocusert Pilo, Isopto Carpine, Pilocar)
Echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide)
Isofluorphate (Florpryl)
Physostigmine (Isopto Eserine)

Front 5

Sympathomimetics:

Back 5

cause vasodilation to the eye resulting in reduced aqueaous humor production

Front 6

Sympathomimetic meds:

Back 6

Apraclonidine (Lopidine)
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Dipivefrin (Propine)
Epinephrine (Epifrin)

Front 7

Beta-adrenergic blockers:

Back 7

decrease aqueous humor production and minimally enhouse it's outflow.

Front 8

Beta-adrenergic meds:

Back 8

Betaxolol (Betoptic)
Timolol (Timoptic)

Front 9

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors:

Back 9

dec. production of aqueous humor and inc. urine production and excreation of body fluids by the kidneys

Front 10

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor meds:

Back 10

Acetazolamide (Diamox)
Brinzolamide (Azopt)
Dorzolamide (Trusopt)

Front 11

Osmotic diuretics:

Back 11

work by making the blood more concentrated, thus forcing water to move from the aqueous and vitreous humor into the blood stream.

Front 12

Osmotic diuretic meds:

Back 12

Glycerin (Osmoglyn, Opthalagan)
Mannitol (Osmitrol)

Front 13

Prostaglandins:

Back 13

increase the rate of drainage of aqueous humor.

Front 14

Prostaglandin meds;

Back 14

Iatanoprost (Xalatan) can cause permanent brown discoloration of eye.

bimatroprost (Lumigan)
Travoprost (Travatan)
Unoprostone isopropyl (Rescula)

Front 15

Opthalmic anti-infective agents used for eye infections are:

Back 15

Bacitracin
Chloramphenicol (Chloroptic)
Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)
Erythromycin (AK-Mycin)
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
Polymyxin B
Silver Nitrate
Sulfacetamide ( AK-Sulf, Bleph-10)
Tetracycline (Achromycin)
Vidarabine (Vira-A)

Front 16

Opthalmic anti-inflammatory agents:

Back 16

used for many eye conditions with or without infection

Flurbiprofen (Ocufen Liquifilm)
Ketorolac (Acular)
Dexamethasone (AK-Dex, Decadron)

Front 17

Otic agents:

Back 17

used for various types of disorders of the external ear.

Front 18

Otic medications:

Back 18

Chlopramphenicol (chloromycetin Otic, pentamycetin)
Hydrocortisone, neomycin and polymyxin B solution (Cortisporin Otic, Otocort)
Benzocain and antipyrine glycerin (Allergen Ear drops, Auralgan Otic, Auroto Otic)
Carbamide peroxide (Debrox Drops, Murine ear drops, Auro Ear drops)

Front 19

Glaucoma:

Back 19

disease of optic nerve leading to loss of sight which is mostly due to increased intraoccular pressure

Front 20

Open Angle glaucoma:

Back 20

Chronic form of glaucoma

Front 21

Closed Angle glaucoma:

Back 21

Acute form and is medical emergency

Front 22

Corneal abrasion:

Back 22

loss of epithelial layer of eye's cornea usually due to trauma.

Front 23

Corneal abrasions are most often caused by:

Back 23

a foreign body that gets into eye and scratches the cornea

Front 24

Conjunctivitis:

Back 24

Inflammation of the conjunctiva which is the outermost layer of eye and inner surface of eyelid.

Front 25

Conjunctivitis most often caused by:

Back 25

allergic reaction, but may be caused by bacterial (pink eye) or viral infection

Front 26

Presbyopia:

Back 26

decreased accommodation which occurs in the elderly client

Front 27

Cataracts:

Back 27

opacity of the crytalline lens of the eye. which typically causes a progressive loss of vision and can lead to blindness if not treated.

Front 28

Cataract symptoms:

Back 28

increased blurred vision
difficulty reading and driving at night
Increased risk of developing in diabetics

Front 29

When cataract is removed, the lens is:

Back 29

s gone, this makes prevention of falls important.

If lens is replaced with implant, vision is better than if contact lens is used or glasses are used.

Front 30

Detached retina:

Back 30

occurs when the retina is pulled away from it's normal position in the back of the eye.

Front 31

Detached retina symptoms:

Back 31

may happen due accient

complaints of flashes of light
Scleral buckling is procedure to attach retina
Laser technique may also be used to reattach retina.

the beam creates a scare that will hold the retina in place

Front 32

Bllindness results in sensory restriction so blind people often have increased:

Back 32

daydreaming and fantasy

Front 33

General eye surgery guidlines:

Back 33

wear shield for protection
dark glasses after shield/patch removed
heals in 6 weeks.
report sudden changes or loss of vision
sutures used are absorbable
take tylenol for discomfort due to inflammation
Eye be slightly reddened
Dried material may be on lashes upon waking from surgery
Sleep on side opposite of surgery
Approach from unaffected side
Need to avoid inc. intraoccular pressure.
Give antiemetics
Do not allow client to strain
Do not allow client to bend over
Avoid Valsalva maneuver

TV viewing is fine after surgery

Front 34

Otitis Media:

Back 34

Inflammation of the middle ear

Front 35

Mastoiditis:

Back 35

presents with a thick and immobile tympanic membrane

Front 36

Vertigo:

Back 36

specific type of dizziness where there is a sensation of spinning or swaying when body is stationary.

Also used to describe dizziness

Inner ear dysfunction will cause vertigo and tinnitus.

Front 37

Anything that dilates pupils will:

Back 37

increase pressure in eye in someone with glaucoma

Front 38

Parasymnpathetic is pinpoint so:

Back 38

Cholinergic agents are parasympathetic like and result in decreased pressure in eyes.

these cause pupil constriction

Front 39

Anticholinergics mimic the sympathetic system so:

Back 39

they cause pupil dilation

DO NOT GIVE ATROPINE to glaucoma pts.

Front 40

Epinephrine:

Back 40

decreases aqueous humor production and increases outflow.

Front 41

How long should you wait between different eye drop instilation:

Back 41

5 minutes

Front 42

Opthalmic anesthetics and cyclpegic drugs cause the loss of blink reflex so:

Back 42

patient should have their eye patched.

Front 43

Remembering principles for hearing impaired:

Back 43

hearing aids are most beneficial for those with external and middle ear problems.