Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Serum Electrolytes
|
Sodium (Na+): 135-145 mEq/L
Potassium (K+): 3.5-5 mEq/L Calcium (Ca++): 8.5-10 mg/dL Magnesium (Mg++): 1.8-3 mg/dL Phosphorus (PO4): 2.5-4.5 mg/dL |
|
|
Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)
|
pH: 7.35-7.45; over 90 yo: 7.25-7.45
PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg (arterial) PaO2: >80-100 mm Hg (arterial) HCO3 bicarbonate: 22-26 mEq/L Cl- (chloride): 85-115 mEq/L |
|
|
CBC
|
RBCs males: 4.7-6.1 mm3
RBCs females: 4.2-5.4 mm3 Hgb males: 14-18 g/dL Hgb females: 12-16 g/dL Hct males: 42-52% Hct females: 37-47% WBCs: 4,800-10,800 mm3 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: <20 mm/hr |
|
|
Blood Lipid Levels
|
Total Serum Cholesterol: desirable < 200 mg/dL
Those at risk for stroke or cardiac event < 150 mg/dL is target for therapy. LDL: < 100 mg/dL HDL: > 40 mg/dL males > 50 mg/dL females Triglycerides: < 150 mg/dL if on meds < 100 mg/dL |
|
|
Anticoagulant Therapy Coagulation times
|
Therapeutic INR: 2.0 - 3.0
PT: 11-14 sec (therapeutic range for anticoagulant therapy is 1.5 - 2 sec x the normal or control value) PTT: 16-40 sec; remain <40 sec (therapeutic range for anticoagulant therapy is 1.5 - 2.5 sec x the normal or control value) |
|
|
Anticoagulant Therapy Coagulation times (con't)
|
Normal INR: 0.9-1.2
Requiring anticoagulation: 2-3 Platelets: 150,000 - 450,000 cu/mm |
|
|
Liver Function Tests
|
Albumin: 3.8-5 g/dL
Ammonia: 35-65 mcg/dL Total bilirubin: 0.0-1.5 mg/dL Total Protein: 6-8 gm/dL |
|
|
Urinalysis
|
Specific Gravity = 1.010-1.030
pH= avg 6.0; range 4.6-8.0 Glucose = negative RBCs = negative WBCs = negative Albumin = negative Bacteria: < 1000 colonies/mL |
|
|
Renal Function
|
Serum creatinine: males 0.6-1.2 mg/dL; females 0.5-1.1 mg/dL
BUN: 10-20 mg/dL Glomerular filtration rate (GFR): 90-120 ml/min |
|
|
Therapeutic Medication Monitoring
|
Digoxin level: 0.8-2 ng/mL
Lithium level: 0.4-1.0 mEq/L Magnesium Sulfate: Levels are obtained 1 hour after the loading dose and then every 6 hours, and the maintenance dosage should be titrated to maintain a serum level of 4-8 mg/dL Phenobarbital: 10-30 mcg/mL Theophylline: 10-20 mcg/mL |
|
|
Blood Glucose Levels
|
glucose (fasting) = 70-110 mg/dL
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 5% (up to 7% in clients who have diabetes mellitus) |
|
|
Antidote/Reversal Agents
|
Acetaminophen: acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Benzodiazepine: flumazenil (Ramazicon) Curare: edrophonium (Tensilon) Cyanide poisoning: methylene blue Digitalis: digoxin immune FAB (Digibind) Ethylene poisoning: fomepizole (Antizol) Heparin and enoxaparin (Lovenox): protamine sulfate Iron: deferoxamine (Desferal) Lead: succimer (Chemet) Magnesium sulfate: calcium gluconate 10% (Kalcinate) Narcotics: naloxone (Narcan) Warfin: phytonadione (vitamin K) |
|
|
Therapeutic Drug Levels
|
Aminophylline: 10-20 mcg/mL
Carbamazepine: 5-12 mcg/mL Digoxin: 0.8-2.0 ng/mL Gentamicin: 5-10 mcg/mL Lidocaine: 1.5-5.0 mcg/mL Lithium: 0.4 - 1.0 mEq/L Magnesium Sulfate: 4-8 mg/dL Phenobarbital: 10-30 mcg/mL Phenytoin: 10-20 mcg/mL Quinidine: 2-5 mcg/mL Salicylate: 100-250 mcg/mL Theophylline: 10-20 mcg/mL Tobramycin: 5-10 mcg/mL |
|
|
Toxic Drug Levels
|
Acetaminophen: >250 mcg/mL
Aminophylline: >20 mcg/mL Amitriptyline: >500ng/mL Digoxin: >2.4 ng/mL Gentamicin: >12 mcg/mL Lidocaine: >5 mcg/mL Lithium: >2.0 mEq/L Magnesium sulfate: >9 mg/dL Methotrexate: >mcmol over 24hr Phenobarbital: >40 mcg/mL Phenytoin: >30 mcg/mL Quinidine: >10 mcg/mL Salicylate: >300 mcg/mL Theophylline: >20mcg/mL Tobramycin: >12 mcg/mL |
|
|
Common Drug Class Suffixes
|
-dipine = Ca+ channel blocker
-afil = erectile dysfunction -caine = Anesthetics -pril = ACE inhibitor -pam, -lam = Benzodiazepine -statin = Antilipidemic |
|
|
Common Drug Class Suffixes
|
-asone, solone = Corticosteroid
-olol = Beta Blocker -cilin = Penicilin ide = oral hypoglycemic -prazole = proton pump inhibitor -vir = antiviral |
|
|
Common Drug Class Suffixes
|
-ase = thrombolytic
-azine = Antiemetic -phylline = Bronchodilator -arin = anticoagulant -tidine = antiulcer -zine = antihistamine |
|
|
Common Drug Class Suffixes
|
-cycline = Antibiotic
-mycin = Aminoglycoside -floxacin = antibiotic -tyline = Tricyclic antidepressants -pram, -ine = SSRIs |
