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56 Cards in this Set
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Norepinephrine
(Levophed) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Headache
Palpitations Nervousness Epigastric distress Angina, hypertension tissue necrosis with extravasation Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Norepinephrine
(Levophed) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Vasoconstrictor to increase blood pressure and
cardiac output Reflex bradycardia may occur with rise in BP Patient should be attended at all times Monitor urinary output Infuse with dextrose solution, not saline Monitor blood pressure Protect from light Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Dopamine
(Intropin) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Increased ocular pressure
Ectopic beats Nausea Tachycardia, chest pain, dysrhythmias Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Dopamine
(Intropin) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Low-dose–dilates renal and coronary arteries
High-dose–vasoconstrictor, increases myocardial oxygen consumption Headache is an early symptom of drug excess Monitor blood pressure, peripheral pulses, urinary output Use infusion pump Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Epinephrine
(Adrenalin) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Nervousness
Restlessness Dizziness Local necrosis of skin Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Epinephrine
(Adrenalin) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
Monitor BP Carefully aspirate syringe before IM and subcutaneous doses; inadvertent IV administration can be harmful Always check strength: 1:100 only for inhalation, 1:1,000 for parenteral administration (SC or IM) Ensure adequate hydration Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Isoproterenol
(Isuprel) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Headache
Palpitations Tachycardia Changes in BP Angina, bronchial asthma Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Isoproterenol
(Isuprel) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Stimulates beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic
receptors Used for heart block, ventricular arrhythmias, and bradycardia Bronchodilator used for asthma and bronchospasms Don’t give at hs—interrupts sleep patterns Monitor BP, pulse Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Phenylephrine
(Neo-Synephrine) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Palpations
Tachycardia Hypertension Dysrhythmia Angina Tissue necrosis with extravasation Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Phenylephrine
(Neo-Synephrine) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Potent alpha 1 agonist
Used to treat hypotension Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Dobutamine
hydrocholoride (Dobutrex) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Hypertension
PVCs Asthmatic episodes Headache Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Dobutamine
hydrocholoride (Dobutrex) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Stimulates beta 1 receptors
Incompatible with alkaline solutions (sodium bicarbonate) Administer through central venous catheter or large peripheral vein using an infusion pump Don’t infuse through line with other meds (incompatible) Monitor EKG, BP, I and O, serum potassium Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 82). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Milrinone
(Primacor) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Dysrhythmia
Thrombocytopenia Jaundice Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Milrinone
(Primacor) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Positive inotropic agent
Smooth muscle relaxant used to treat severe heart failure Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Sodium
nitroprusside (Nitropress) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Hypotension
Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Sodium
nitroprusside (Nitropress) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Dilates cardiac veins and arteries
Decreases preload and afterload Increases myocardial perfusion Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Diphenhydramine
HCl (Benadryl) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Drowsiness
Confusion Insomnia Headache Vertigo Photosensitivity Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Diphenhydramine
HCl (Benadryl) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Blocks effects of histamine on
bronchioles, GI tract, and blood vessels Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Chlordiazepoxide
(Librium) Diazepam (Valium) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Lethargy, hangover
Respiratory depression Hypotension Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Chlordiazepoxide
(Librium) Diazepam (Valium) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
CNS depressant
Use–anxiety, sedation, alcohol withdrawl, seizures May result in toxic build-up in the elderly Potential for physiological addiction/overdose Can develop tolerance and cross-tolerance Cigarette smoking increases clearance of drug Alcohol increases CNS depression Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Alprazolam
(Xanax) Clonazepam (Klonopin) Lorazepam (Ativan) Oxazepam (Serax) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Drowsiness,
light-headedness, hypotension, hepatic dysfunction Increased salivation Orthostatic hypotension Memory impairment and confusion Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Alprazolam
(Xanax) Clonazepam (Klonopin) Lorazepam (Ativan) Oxazepam (Serax) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
CNS depressant
Safer for elderly Don’t combine with alcohol or other depressants Check renal and hepatic function Don’t discontinue abruptly (true for all antianxiety agents) Teach addictive potential Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Midazalam
(Versed) . SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Retrograde amnesia
Euphoria Hypotension Dysrhythmia Cardiac arrest Respiratory depression Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Midazalam
(Versed) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
CNS depressant
Use–preoperative sedation, conscious sedation for endoscopic procedures and diagnostic tests Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 83). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
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Buspirone (BuSpar)
. SIDE EFFECTS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 84). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
light-headedness
confusion hypotension palpitations |
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Buspirone (BuSpar)
. NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . Kaplan (2013-05-20). NCLEX-RN Content Review Guide (Page 84). Kaplan Nursing Test Prep. Kindle Edition. |
Little sedation
Requires 3 weeks to be effective Cannot be given as a PRN med Particularly useful for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) No abuse potential Used for clients with previous addiction Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice Monitor for worsening depression or suicidal tendencies |
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Hydroxyzine
(Vistaril) (Atarax) . SIDE EFFECTS . |
drowsiness
ataxia leukopenia hypotension |
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Hydroxyzine
(Vistaril) (Atarax) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . |
Produces no dependence, tolerance, or intoxication
Can be used for anxiety relief for indefinite periods |
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Kava
. SIDE EFFECTS . |
impaired thinking, judgment, motor reflexes, vision, decreased plasma proteins, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, dyspnea, and pulmonary hypertension
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Kava
. NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . |
Similar activity to benzodiazepines
Suppresses emotional excitability and produces mild euphoria Do not take with CNS depressants Should not be taken by women who are pregnant or lactating or by children under the age of 12 |
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Melatonin
. SIDE EFFECTS . |
sedation
confusion headache tachycardia |
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Melatonin
. NURSING CONSIDERATIONS . |
Influences sleep-wake cycles (levels are high during sleep)
Used for prevention and treatment of "jet lag" and insomnia Use cautiously if given with benzodiazepines and CNS depressants Contraindicated in hepatic insufficiency, history of cerebrovascular disease, depression, and neurologic disorders |
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Aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphogel)
Calcium carbonate (Titralac) Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate . SIDE EFFECTS |
constipation that may lead to impaction
phosphate depletion |
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Aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphogel)
Calcium carbonate (Titralac) Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Monitor bowel patern
Compounds contains sodium; check if patient is on sodium-restricted diet Aluminum and magnesium antacid compounds interfere with tetracycline absorption Encourage fluids Monitor for signs of phosphate deficiency-malaise, weakness, tremors, bone pain Shake well Careful use advised for kidney dysfunction |
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Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
. SIDE EFFECTS |
excessive dose can produce nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
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Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)
. NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Store at room temperature with tight lid to prevent absorption of CO2
Prolonged and frequent use of cathartic dose can lead to dependence Administer with caution to clients with renal disease |
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Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox)
. SIDE EFFECTS |
slight laxative effect
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Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox)
. NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Encourage fluid intake
Administer with caution to clients with renal disease |
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Procainamide (Pronestyl)
Disopyramine (Norpace) . SIDE EFFECTS |
hypotension
heart failure |
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Procainamide (Pronestyl)
Disopyramine (Norpace) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Monitor BP
Monitor for widening of the PR, QRS or QT intervals Toxic side effects have limited use |
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Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Mexiletine hydrochloride (Mexitil) Tocainide hydrochloride (Tonocard) . SIDE EFFECTS |
CNS: slurred speech, confusion, drowsiness, confusion, seizures
hypotension bradycardia |
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Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Mexiletine hydrochloride (Mexitil) Tocainide hydrochloride (Tonocard) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Monitor for CNS side effects
Monitor BP and heart rate and cardiac rhythm |
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Flecainide (Tambocor)
Propafenone hydrochloride (Rythmol) . SIDE EFFECTS |
bradycardia
hypotension dysrhythmias CNS: anxiety, insomnia, confusion, seizures |
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Flecainide (Tambocor)
Propafenone hydrochloride (Rythmol) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Monitor for increasing dysrhythmias
Monitor HR and BP Monitor for CNS effects |
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Propanolol (Inderal)
Acebutolol (Sectral) Esmolol hydrochloride (Brevibloc) Sotalol hydrochloride (Betapace) . SIDE EFFECTS |
bradycardia
hypotension bronchospasm increase in heart failure fatigue and sleep disturbances |
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Propanolol (Inderal)
Acebutolol (Sectral) Esmolol hydrochloride (Brevibloc) Sotalol hydrochloride (Betapace) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Monitor apical HR, cardiac rhythm and BP
Assess for shortness of breath and wheezing Assess for fatigue, sleep disturbances Assess apical HR for 1 min before administration |
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Amiodarone hydrochloride (Cordarone)
Ibutilide fumarate (Corvert) Dofetilide (Tikosyn) . SIDE EFFECTS |
hypotension
bradycardia and atrioventricular block muscle weakness, tremors photosensitivity and photophobia liver toxicity |
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Amiodarone hydrochloride (Cordarone)
Ibutilide fumarate (Corvert) Dofetilide (Tikosyn) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythm during IV administration
Monitor QT interval during IV administration Monitor HR, BP during initiation of therapy Instruct client to wear sunglasses and sunscreen |
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Verapamil (Calan)
Diltiazem hydrochloride (Cardizem) . SIDE EFFECTS |
bradycardia
hypotension dizziness and orthostatic hypotension heart failure |
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Verapamil (Calan)
Diltiazem hydrochloride (Cardizem) . NURSING CONSIDERATIONS |
Monitor apical HR and BP
Instruct clients about orthostatic precautions Instruct clients to report signs of heart failure to health care provider |
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Aminoglycosides
(action, indication, side effect, nursing consideration) |
Action: bacteriocidal; inhibits protein synthesis in Gram-negative bacteria
Indications: treatment of severe systemic infections of CNS, respiratory, GI, urinary tract, bone, skin, soft tissues, acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), tuberculosis (streptomycin) Side effects: ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea Nursing considerations: check hearing (CN VIII); check renal function (BUN, creatinine); usually prescribed for 7-10 days; encourage fluids; small, frequent meals |
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Cephalosporins
(action, indication, side effect, nursing consideration) |
Action:
Indications: pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, upper and lower respiratory tract infections, dermatological infections, gonorrhea, septicemia, meningitis, perioperative prophylaxis, urinary tract infections Side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, increased risk bleeding, hypoprothrombinemia, rash, superinfections, thrombophlebitis (IV), abcess formation (IM, IV) Nursing considerations: take with food; administer liquid form to children, don't crush tablets; have vitamin K available for hypoprothrombinemia; avoid alcohol while taking medication and for 3 days after finishing course of medication; cross allergy with penicillins; monitor renal and hepatic function; monitor for thrombophlebitis |
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Fluoroquinolones
(action, indication, side effect, nursing consideration) |
Action: bactericidal; interferes with DNA replication in Gram-negative bacteria
Indications: treatment of infection caused by E. coli and other bacteria, chronic bacterial prostatitis, acute sinusitis, postexposure inhalation anthrax Side effects: headache; nausea; diarrhea; elevated BUN, AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), serum creatinine, alkaline phosphatase; decreased WBC and hematocrit; rash; photosensitivity; achilles tendon rupture Nursing considerations: culture and sensitivity before starting therapy; take 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals with glass of water; encourage fluids; if needed administer antacids 2 hr after medication; take full course of therapy |
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Glycopeptides
(action, indication, side effect, nursing consideration) |
Action: bacteriocidal; binds to bacterial cell wall, stopping its synthesis
Indications: treatment of resistant staph infections, pseudomembranous enterocolitis due to c. difficile infection Side effects: thrombophlebitis; abscess formation; nephrotoxicity; ototoxicity Nursing considerations: monitor renal function and hearing; poor absorption orally; administer IV (peak 5 mins, duration 12-24 hrs); avoid extravasation during therapy (it may cause necrosis); give antihistamine if "red man syndrome" (decreased BP, flushing of face and neck); contact clinican if signs of superinfection (sore throat, fever, fatigue) |
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Lincosamides
(action, indication, side effect, nursing consideration) |
Action: both bacteriostatic and bactericidal, it sppresses protein synthesis by preventing peptide bond formation
Indications: staph, strep, and other infections Side effects: diarrhea, rash, liver toxicity Nursing considerations: administer oral med with a full glass of water to prevent esophageal ulcers; monitor for presistent vomiting, diarrhea, fever, or abd pain and cramping, superinfectious |
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Macrolide antibiotics
(action, indication, side effect, nursing consideration) |
Action:
Indications: Side effects: Nursing considerations: |
