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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Failure of the body ability to fight infection, due to genetic or retrovirus infection
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Immunodeficiency
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immunosurpresed pt.s should be visited__ by nurse
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1st before other pt.s
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AIDS/ Found in Western Europe and Asia
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Type I HIV-1
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AIDS/ Found in West Africa
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Type 2 HIV-2
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abnormal cell that cannot fight infection, duplication more of virus cells and decrease in helper cells, increase in suppresspr cells
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HIV
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transmission of HIV
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sexual, parenteral, perianal exposure to the retrovirus.
blood, semen, needles,placenta, birth and breast milk |
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1st testing if positive on 2 occasions next test is given. detects antibodies
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ELISA
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Most diagnostic. identifies HIV antibodies
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Western Blot Analysis
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easliy performed and faster resposnse detects antibodies
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IFA indirect immunofluorescence assay
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detects the HIV protein rather than antibodies
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RIPA radioimmunpecipitation assay
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alternative to the standard blot test detect antibodies
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OMT oral mucosal transudate
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S/S AIDS
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night sweats
failure to thirve recurring diarrhea weight loss mono like symptoms |
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test that reveals HIV in 18 month or younger
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viral culture/ p4 antigen
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tx AIDS
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abt, antiviral and monthy gamma globuin administration
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AIDS interventions
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monitor I&O, vitals, growth and development, asses resp/neuro status and maintain standard precautions
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AIDS lab
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T cells 200 or less
WBC below 3500 lymphocytes less than 1500 |
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S/S AIDS
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night sweats
failure to thirve recurring diarrhea weight loss mono like symptoms |
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test that reveals HIV in 18 month or younger
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viral culture/ p4 antigen
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tx AIDS
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abt, antiviral and monthy gamma globuin administration
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AIDS interventions
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monitor I&O, vitals, growth and development, asses resp/neuro status and maintain standard precautions
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AIDS lab
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T cells 200 or less
WBC below 3500 lymphocytes less than 1500 |
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triple drug therapy to treat AIDS
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-HAART/ AIDS cocktail
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1.nucleaoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors
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inhibit reverse transcriptase ex. AZT
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2. protease inhibitor
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block HIV protease enzyme, prevent viral replication, and release of viral particles Ex. Viracept
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3. ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors
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new use for cytotoxic terapies, inerferes wih DNA synthesis stops viral peplication ex. hydrea
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HIV client cautions
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avoid herbals intefere with antivirals
increase proteins, calories and vits/min avoid eating from salad bar, foods grown in ground, and cultured foods like yogurt and cottage cheese. |
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decrease in number of RBC'sor capablity of RBC's to carry oxygen
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Anemia
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some cause of anemia
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RBC destruction, blood loss, poor dietary intake, poor absorption, parsites
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S/S anemia
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fatigue
pallor tachypnea cardiac changes dyspnea headaches dizzy..depression growth retardation late sexual maturation |
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intrisic factor missing resutling in the inability to absorb B12, common in elderly and people with gastric resection or vegetarians exclusing dairy products
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pernicious anemia
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s/s and tx pernacious anemia
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S/S pallor, jaundice, beefy red tongue, fatigue, weight loss and paesthesia.
TX B12 injections until levels stable and then monthly |
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B1
B2 B3 B6 B9 B12 |
thiamine
riboflavin niacin pyridoxine folic acid cyanobalamin |
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depression of the blood forming elements of the bone marrow..
congential or acquired |
aplastic anemia
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S/S AND TX Aplastic anemia
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S/S decreased erthycytes, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia
TX identifying agent offending agent, receive immunosupressive therapies ex globulins, androgens, methylprednisone or bone marrow transplant |
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factors contributing to aplastic anemia
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multiple blood transfusions
radiaton autoimmune state sickle cell syndrome leukemia drug toxicity..chemo |
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most common genetic disese..mostly in AA,inherited autosomal recessive, clump RBC'S
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sickle cell- a parent has 25% chance producing offspring
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most severe form of sickle cell anemia, no cure
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Hgb S Homozygous
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Sickle cell C disease
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Heterozygous Hgb S and Hgb C
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combination of sickle cell trat adn B+, patents can still produce normal Hgb
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S thalassemia
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child inherits normal Hgb from one parent and Hgb S from the other parent
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sickle cell trait
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clinical manisfestations to sickle cell include ( some)
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splenomegaly, hepatomegaly
hematuria, seizures, strokes, leg ulcers... |
