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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Flat,circumscribed area resulting in change of color to skin area. Freckles, flat moles(nevi), petechiae, measles, scarlet fever.
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Macules
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Raised, firm area on the skin less than 1 cm. in diameter. Raised moles, warts
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Papule
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Psoriasis, Seborrhaic Dermatosis are classified as...
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Plaques
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Elevated,irregular firm edematous,solid and translucent circumscribed area. Urticaria, insect bites and allergic reactions.
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Wheal
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Elevated, firm circumscribed area, deeper than a papule in the dermis by up to 1-2 cm. Erythema Nodosum and Lipomas.
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Nodule
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Elevated, filled with serous fluid, less than 1 cm. in diameter. Shingles and Chickenpox.
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Vesicle
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Similar to a vesicle but filled with Pus. Acne or Impetigo.
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Pustule
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Which illness requires no hair dyes?
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Lupus
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Superficial skin lesions caused by Staph or Hemolytic strep. More common in children. Occurs in Mid-Summer to late Fall. Occurs most frequently in humid climates. Tx with antibiotic. very infectious.
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Impetigo
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Ulcer that occurs 72 hours after a burn and includes the stomach or Duodenum. Sx: black, tarry stools.
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Curling Ulcer
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What would you assess for in CO2 poisoning?
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Headache, visual changes, irritability, confusion,decreased judgement, nausea,ataxia and collapse.
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How would you assess for smoke inhalation?
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Blistered lips buccal mucosa or pharynx, erythema,body burns, singed nose hairs, soot in oropharynx, dark gray black sputum, hoarseness or crackles upon auscultation.
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What is the greatest threat to a burn patient?
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Hypovolemic shock
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What are the initial sx of hypovolemic shock?
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Agitation, restlessness and hostility.
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Since burn patients are hypermetabolic, what dietary interventions should be implemented?
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Increased Protein
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medication which works by adsorption of an ingested poisonous substance. Sorbitol is often an additive to stimulate a bowel movement.
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Activated Charcoal
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Most common type of thermal trauma...
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Scalding by hot water
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What is the Tx for full thickness burns?
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Skin Grafting
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Why is skin grafting used for full thickness burns?
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Because the skin is unable to epithelialize and the dermis supplies the skin with the blood, but when the dermis is destroyed it is unable to do so.
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How can a partial thickness burn turn into a full thickness burn?
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If there is a decrease in blood supply such as Infection or tissue trauma.
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What are the two stages of shock which burns go through?
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Hypovolemic and cellular
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How do burns alter normal skin function?
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altered sensation, loss of protective barrier, thermal regulation, loss of protective barrier, and destroyed sweat and sebaceous glands.
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Where is the pain at in appendicits?
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It starts in the umbilicus and ends in the right lower quadrant. Anorexia, nausea, elevated temp, increased WBC.
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Why should you never use a heating pad or laxatives in a pt. with acute appendicitis?
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It may cause rupture
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What can you do to decrease discomfort in a pt with appendicitis?
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Assist to a supine position with the knees drawn up or a side-lying position, ice to abdomen, avoid an unneeded palpation of the abdomen. Analgesics after dx.
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How is an appendicitis tx. prior to dx?
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I.V fluids and lytes, antibiotics, NPO, analgesics held prior to dx.
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What is a positive Obturator's sign in appendicits?
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The right leg and hip will be turned inward with increased abdominal pain indicates an inflamed obturator muscle.
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What is a positive PSOAS sign in a pt with appendicitis?
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When the nurse puts her hand on the pts. right outer knee and has the pt abduct the knee it will cause pain.
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Drains are only used in a post op appendectomy client if what was present?
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Abscess, rupture or if it was surrounded by fluid.
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What should the client be taught post-op appendectomy?
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No heavy lifting 4-6 weeks post-op, coughing and deep breathing, report any incisional signs of infection.
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