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28 Cards in this Set

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Haloperidol (Haldol)
Typical (traditional) antipsychotic. Prescribed for assaultive and aggressive behavior. S/E: HA, orthostatic hypotension, EPS, urinary retention photosensitivity, dry mouth/eyes, laryngospasm, respiratory depression, cardiac dysrhythmias, neuroleptic malignant syndrome. NO ETOH, or narks.
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Atypical antipsychotic. used for psychotic delusions, halucinations, & schizophrenia adverse reactions: seizures, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, EPS S/E: weight gain urinary rention, HA sedation. Fall risk, no ETOH, no narks
Clozapine (clozaril)
Atypical antipsychotic. used for severly ill schizophrenia Adverse reactions: agranulocytosis (need weekly WBC) seizures. S/E: drowsiness, sedation, hypersalivation tachycardia, dizziness.
Buspirone (Buspar)
Antianxiety. used for general anxiety disorder & anxiety related depression. S/E: drowsiness, HA, nausea. requires at least 3 weeks to be effective. 4-10 to decrease aggression. non sedating non addicting
Diazepam (Valium)
Benzodiazepine, antianxiety. used for anxiety, muscle spasms and ETOH withdrawl. S/E: sedation, dizziness and ataxia
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Benzo, antianxiety. used for anxiety, status epilepticus. adverse reactions: Hyper/Hypo tension. S/E: drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, confusion, sleep disturbance, hallucinations. Don't abruptly stop taking. 1-2 weeks for desired effects.
Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
antihistamine/ antianxiety. used for anxiety & DT's. adverse reactions: tremmor & convulsions, wheezing, dyspnea. S/E: dizziness, sedation, dry mouth. do not use w/ ETOH, narks, sleep aids. report dyspnea, tremors, sore or spasming muscles to MD ASAP.
Imipramine hydorchloride (Tofranil)
tricyclic. used for depression (uspecially non delusional) adverse reactions: dysrhthmia, tachycardia. S/E: weight gain, sexual dysfunction, anticholinergic s/e. takes 1-4 weeks to notice effect. take QHS to reduce s/e. don't stop suddenly. reacts w/ MAOI
Fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac)
SSRI. used for major depression, OCD, PTSD, Bipolar, PT's w/ ^ sucide risk. Adverse reactions: seizures. S/E: HA, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, tremors, sexual dysfunction. Don't take w/ St. Johns wart. take w/ food. Diabetic Glucose tolerance change.
Sertraline hydrochloride (Zoloft)
SSRI. used for OCD, major depression disorders, PT's w/ ^ suicide risk. Adverse reactions: Delusional aggressive behavior. S/E: GI distress, insomnia. don't take w/ MAOI's ot trycyclics, no St johns wart, take w/ food. report mania, seizures, edema and dyspnea to MD ASAP
Phenelzine (Nardil)
MAOI. used for depression, bipolar, & psychosis. Adverse reactions: seizures, HTN crisis w/ consumption of caffeine and TYRAMINE. S/E: ortho hypotension, blurred vision. don't take OTC's w/o MD ok. no fermented and aged foods, avacado, figs, bananas, soy sauce or caffeine.
Lithium carabaonate (Lithanel)
Antimanic. used for bipolar, schizophrenia. normal level less than 1.5mEq/L. Toxic level greater than 2.0 mEq/L Adverse reactions: oliguria, seizures, severe hypotension, coma, death. S/E: HA, tremors, slurred speech, ployuria. avoid caffenine, maintain adequate sodium and fluid intake, monitor serum levels.
Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (Artane)
Antiparkinsonian. used for decrease tremors and rigidity or parkinson's or pseudoparkinson's. Adverse reaction: Paralytic ileus. S/E: anticholinergic, anxiety, dysphagia.
Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)
Antiparkinsonian. used for EPS, parkinson's. S/E: dry mouth, difficulty urinating, confusion, blurred vision. Avoid alcohol, sedatives and OTC's.
Donespezil hydrochloride (Aricept)
Antiparkinsonian. used to imprive memory in Alzheimer's. Adverse reaction: Hepatotoxicity. S/E: nausea, vomitting, sedation. Take QHS, w/o food, do NOT crush.
Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Antiparkinsonian. used to Tx Parkinson's. Adverse reactions: Agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, dysrhythmias, leukopenia. S/E: dysphagia, bitter taste, twitching. Don't stop taking abruptly.
Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin)
CNS stimulant. used for ADHD, Narcolepsy. Adverse reaction: uremia, thrombocytopenia, growth supression, ^ hyperactivity. S/E: insomnia, nervous, irritable. 2 doses in day before meals, watch for weight loss, no caffeine or alcohol, must taper dose to avoid withdrdrawals.
Pemoline (Cylert)
CNS stimulant. used for ADHD, Narcolepsy, ^ attention span, and Tx fatigue. Adverse reaction: NOT A FIRST LINE MED, hepatic failure, aplastic anemia. S/E: insomnia, dyskinetic movement, seizures. Frequent CBC's & liver function tests
Dextroamphetamine (Dexadrine)
CNS stimulant. used for narcolepsy, Obesity. Adverse reactions: risk for hemorrhagic stroke in young women. S/E: nervousness, restlessness, irritability, HTN, heart palpitations. short term use 4-12 weeks, diet, exercise, and lifestyle change to keep weight off.
Valproic acid (Depakote)
Anticonvulsant. used for bipolar (lithium non responders) schizophrenia. Adverse reactions: hepatotoxicity, RUQ Px, dark urine malaise, jaundice. MONITOR LIVER function. S/E: tremors, weight gain.
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Anticonvulsant. used as an adjunct therapy for partial seizures, bipolar (non lithium). Adverse reactions: difficulty breathing, swelling of lips, slurred speech. S/E: fatigue, somnolence, ataxia, diplopia, HTN. Take w/ food. D/C slowly to prevent seizures
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Benzo, Anticonvulsant. used for Mania, short term Tx anxiety. Adverse reactions: respiratory depression if used w/ cns depressants, narks, TCA's, & alcohol
Zolpidem tratrate (Ambien)
Sedative. used for insomnia. S/E: irritability, confusion, disorientation, anxiety. PT can develop a tollerance or physical dependance.
Temazepam (Restoril)
Benzo, sedative. used for insomnia. S/E: drowsy, dizzy. PT may have difficulty sleeping when discontinued.
What are some anticholinergic symptoms?
dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision, photosensitivity, dry eyes. male impotence.
What is the rule of thumb for medication management for elderly PT w/ dementia?
Start low and go slow.
What are the side effects of Lithium when at the therapeutic level (0.4-1.0 mEq/L)
fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, general discomfort.
What are the side effects of lithium at 1.5 mEq/L (early toxicity signs)?
and advanceed signs (1.5-2 mEq/L)
N/V/D, thirst, polyuria, slurred speech, muscle weakness.
Coarse hand tremor, GI upset, mental confusion, muscle hyperirritability, incoordination