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28 Cards in this Set
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Haloperidol (Haldol)
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Typical (traditional) antipsychotic. Prescribed for assaultive and aggressive behavior. S/E: HA, orthostatic hypotension, EPS, urinary retention photosensitivity, dry mouth/eyes, laryngospasm, respiratory depression, cardiac dysrhythmias, neuroleptic malignant syndrome. NO ETOH, or narks.
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Risperidone (Risperdal)
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Atypical antipsychotic. used for psychotic delusions, halucinations, & schizophrenia adverse reactions: seizures, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, EPS S/E: weight gain urinary rention, HA sedation. Fall risk, no ETOH, no narks
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Clozapine (clozaril)
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Atypical antipsychotic. used for severly ill schizophrenia Adverse reactions: agranulocytosis (need weekly WBC) seizures. S/E: drowsiness, sedation, hypersalivation tachycardia, dizziness.
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Buspirone (Buspar)
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Antianxiety. used for general anxiety disorder & anxiety related depression. S/E: drowsiness, HA, nausea. requires at least 3 weeks to be effective. 4-10 to decrease aggression. non sedating non addicting
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Diazepam (Valium)
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Benzodiazepine, antianxiety. used for anxiety, muscle spasms and ETOH withdrawl. S/E: sedation, dizziness and ataxia
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Lorazepam (Ativan)
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Benzo, antianxiety. used for anxiety, status epilepticus. adverse reactions: Hyper/Hypo tension. S/E: drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, confusion, sleep disturbance, hallucinations. Don't abruptly stop taking. 1-2 weeks for desired effects.
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Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
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antihistamine/ antianxiety. used for anxiety & DT's. adverse reactions: tremmor & convulsions, wheezing, dyspnea. S/E: dizziness, sedation, dry mouth. do not use w/ ETOH, narks, sleep aids. report dyspnea, tremors, sore or spasming muscles to MD ASAP.
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Imipramine hydorchloride (Tofranil)
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tricyclic. used for depression (uspecially non delusional) adverse reactions: dysrhthmia, tachycardia. S/E: weight gain, sexual dysfunction, anticholinergic s/e. takes 1-4 weeks to notice effect. take QHS to reduce s/e. don't stop suddenly. reacts w/ MAOI
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Fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac)
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SSRI. used for major depression, OCD, PTSD, Bipolar, PT's w/ ^ sucide risk. Adverse reactions: seizures. S/E: HA, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, tremors, sexual dysfunction. Don't take w/ St. Johns wart. take w/ food. Diabetic Glucose tolerance change.
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Sertraline hydrochloride (Zoloft)
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SSRI. used for OCD, major depression disorders, PT's w/ ^ suicide risk. Adverse reactions: Delusional aggressive behavior. S/E: GI distress, insomnia. don't take w/ MAOI's ot trycyclics, no St johns wart, take w/ food. report mania, seizures, edema and dyspnea to MD ASAP
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Phenelzine (Nardil)
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MAOI. used for depression, bipolar, & psychosis. Adverse reactions: seizures, HTN crisis w/ consumption of caffeine and TYRAMINE. S/E: ortho hypotension, blurred vision. don't take OTC's w/o MD ok. no fermented and aged foods, avacado, figs, bananas, soy sauce or caffeine.
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Lithium carabaonate (Lithanel)
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Antimanic. used for bipolar, schizophrenia. normal level less than 1.5mEq/L. Toxic level greater than 2.0 mEq/L Adverse reactions: oliguria, seizures, severe hypotension, coma, death. S/E: HA, tremors, slurred speech, ployuria. avoid caffenine, maintain adequate sodium and fluid intake, monitor serum levels.
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Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride (Artane)
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Antiparkinsonian. used for decrease tremors and rigidity or parkinson's or pseudoparkinson's. Adverse reaction: Paralytic ileus. S/E: anticholinergic, anxiety, dysphagia.
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Benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)
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Antiparkinsonian. used for EPS, parkinson's. S/E: dry mouth, difficulty urinating, confusion, blurred vision. Avoid alcohol, sedatives and OTC's.
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Donespezil hydrochloride (Aricept)
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Antiparkinsonian. used to imprive memory in Alzheimer's. Adverse reaction: Hepatotoxicity. S/E: nausea, vomitting, sedation. Take QHS, w/o food, do NOT crush.
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Carbidopa (Sinemet)
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Antiparkinsonian. used to Tx Parkinson's. Adverse reactions: Agranulocytosis, hemolytic anemia, dysrhythmias, leukopenia. S/E: dysphagia, bitter taste, twitching. Don't stop taking abruptly.
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Methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin)
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CNS stimulant. used for ADHD, Narcolepsy. Adverse reaction: uremia, thrombocytopenia, growth supression, ^ hyperactivity. S/E: insomnia, nervous, irritable. 2 doses in day before meals, watch for weight loss, no caffeine or alcohol, must taper dose to avoid withdrdrawals.
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Pemoline (Cylert)
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CNS stimulant. used for ADHD, Narcolepsy, ^ attention span, and Tx fatigue. Adverse reaction: NOT A FIRST LINE MED, hepatic failure, aplastic anemia. S/E: insomnia, dyskinetic movement, seizures. Frequent CBC's & liver function tests
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Dextroamphetamine (Dexadrine)
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CNS stimulant. used for narcolepsy, Obesity. Adverse reactions: risk for hemorrhagic stroke in young women. S/E: nervousness, restlessness, irritability, HTN, heart palpitations. short term use 4-12 weeks, diet, exercise, and lifestyle change to keep weight off.
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Valproic acid (Depakote)
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Anticonvulsant. used for bipolar (lithium non responders) schizophrenia. Adverse reactions: hepatotoxicity, RUQ Px, dark urine malaise, jaundice. MONITOR LIVER function. S/E: tremors, weight gain.
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Gabapentin (Neurontin)
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Anticonvulsant. used as an adjunct therapy for partial seizures, bipolar (non lithium). Adverse reactions: difficulty breathing, swelling of lips, slurred speech. S/E: fatigue, somnolence, ataxia, diplopia, HTN. Take w/ food. D/C slowly to prevent seizures
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Clonazepam (Klonopin)
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Benzo, Anticonvulsant. used for Mania, short term Tx anxiety. Adverse reactions: respiratory depression if used w/ cns depressants, narks, TCA's, & alcohol
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Zolpidem tratrate (Ambien)
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Sedative. used for insomnia. S/E: irritability, confusion, disorientation, anxiety. PT can develop a tollerance or physical dependance.
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Temazepam (Restoril)
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Benzo, sedative. used for insomnia. S/E: drowsy, dizzy. PT may have difficulty sleeping when discontinued.
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What are some anticholinergic symptoms?
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dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision, photosensitivity, dry eyes. male impotence.
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What is the rule of thumb for medication management for elderly PT w/ dementia?
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Start low and go slow.
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What are the side effects of Lithium when at the therapeutic level (0.4-1.0 mEq/L)
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fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, general discomfort.
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What are the side effects of lithium at 1.5 mEq/L (early toxicity signs)?
and advanceed signs (1.5-2 mEq/L) |
N/V/D, thirst, polyuria, slurred speech, muscle weakness.
Coarse hand tremor, GI upset, mental confusion, muscle hyperirritability, incoordination |