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186 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name a complete protein
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Eggs
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What inhibits the absorption of fat soluble vitamins?
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Mineral Oils
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Amino acids contain a substance called ________ that distinguishes from fats and carbs
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Nitrogen
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What will help reduce sticky bronchial secretions
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Maintaining an adequate fluid intake
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What is the best source of vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
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Liver
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Vitamin B2 is also known as
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Riboflavin
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Riboflavin is also known as what vitamin?
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B2
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Mineral Oils inhibit this _____
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The absorption of fat soluble vitamins
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Eggs are a complete _____
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Protein
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This drug causes constipation by slowing the motility of the colon
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Morphine
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What is the muscle that lifts in the anal canal during defecation?
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Levator ani
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What is an appropriate diet for the elderly?
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Low calorie, low fat, with lots of fruits
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What tool is used to measure the total urine output during one void?
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Urinometer
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How would you assess diaphragmatic breathing on a patient?
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Diaphragmatic breathing is assessed by placing the palms of hands in the area of the lower ribs
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How do you measure inhaled air?
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Use an incentive spirometer
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What is a side effect of Iron use?
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Gastric irritation
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Vitamin D helps with the absorption of _______
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Calcium
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Central venous lines are primarily used to monitor _______
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To monitor central venous pressure
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What side effects can occur when magnesium is low?
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Confusion or seizures
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What three things effect the rate of oxygen being transported from the lungs to the tissues?
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Cardiac output, number of electrolytes and exercise
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The need for oxygen _______ due to sympathetic nerve stimulation when a person becomes anxious or stressed
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Increases
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What is dysuria?
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A symptom of a UTI
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The drainage bag of a Foley should be kept _______ when ambulating a patient?
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Below the level of the patient's waist
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What is the proper technique for cleaning the female genatalia?
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Cleanse the labia and urinary meatus from front to back using sterile cotton and solution
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Malnutrition is common in _________
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Obesity
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What is a substitute for meat in a vegetarian diet?
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Legumes
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Coffee, cocoa, and tea have ______ effects
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Diuretics
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What fluid is given to a patient in metabolic acidosis?
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0.5% NS
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Low residue diets are also know as _____ _____ foods
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Non irritating
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Name three things that should be assessed for an IV infiltration
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Coolness, pain and pallor
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Crackles with an elevated systolic BP would be present in a patient with _______
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Fluid volume excess
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What should you expect with a potassium of 6.2
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Cardiac arrhythmias
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Cheese is high in ________
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Potassium
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Dark green vegetables are high in ________
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Calcium
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Nausea and vomiting can be present in patients who are in _______ _______
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Metabolic acidosis
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A common stool color for a breast fed infant is ______
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Yellow
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A normal respiratory assessment of a newborn is ______ breaths per minute with some ____ ____ and _____ _____
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30-60 breaths per minute. Some apnea and irregular breathing is common
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During inhalation, describe how the diaphragm and ribs move
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The diaphragm contracts and the ribs move upward during inhalation
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pH - 7.29, PCO2 - 38mm/hg, HCO3 - 17
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Metabolic acidosis
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A patient suffering from severe gastrointestinal bleeding needs
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Platelets
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True / False : Vitamin B is water soluble
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TRUE
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Another name for Vitamin C
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Ascorbic acid
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_____ _____ has the strongest effect on chemical receptors in the body
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Carbon dioxide
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Vegetarian patients with an iron deficiency should take supplemental _____
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Vitamin C
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Green leafy vegetables should be recommended to patients suffering from _______
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Anemia
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Patients who have ongoing nasogastric feedings should be placed in this position
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Semi Fowlers position
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What will tube feeding with a high osmolarity product cause?
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Diarrhea
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What is the pathway of a rectal enema tube?
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Toward the umbilicus along the rectum
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When checking residuals, always do this
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Reinsert residuals back into the tube
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A vegetarian diet needs an additional amount of vitamin _____ in the diet
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B12
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Body fat is measured using this test
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Skin fold measurement
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Patients with hypertension should eat a _____ ____ diet
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Low sodium
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Patients who have difficulties with chewing or swallowing should have this type of diet
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Pureed
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What type of test would you expect with a patient with kidney disease, dehydration or malnutrition?
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Increase BUN
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Meats and diary products are high in vitamin ____
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B12
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Antibiotics will often cause _____
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Diarrhea
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Apples are high in _____
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Fiber
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Where is the tip of the central venous pressure catheter placed?
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In the right atrium
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Internal hemorrhage can be caused by a severe deficiency of this vitamin
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Vitamin K
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Muscle weakness, speech changes, rapid or weak pulse or abdominal distention are caused by _______
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Hypokalemia
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Constipation with liquid fecal seepage is an indication of ________
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An impaction
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Severe diarrhea can cause ________
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Fluid and electrolyte loss
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How would you treat a fecal impaction?
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Administer an oil retention enema followed by a cleansing enema
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What type of enema distends the rectum and colon with gas released from the solution?
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Carminative enemas
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What type of enema us used to expel flatus?
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Colonic irrigation, also known as a return flow enema
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What would you expect to find in regards to specific gravity that would be a significant finding with dehydration?
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Specific gravity of urine would be elevated
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Describe Cheyne-Stokes- respirations
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Uneven, deep to shallow and with periods of apnea
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Use this to irrigate a nasogastric tube hooked to continuous suction
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Normal Saline
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What is the normal paO2 range in the arterial circulation?
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80-100 mmHg
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What type of solution is a fleet enema considered?
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Hypertonic enema
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Abnormally large amounts of urine
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Polyuria
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Stressful environments can contribute to _________ in a school age child
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Enuresis
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_______ is lost when tissues are damaged
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Potassium
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Decreased fluid volume should be watched when a pt has severe ________
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Diarrhea
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What will help a child with enuresis?
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Short term tofranil, urinating before going to bed and restricting fluids after last meal
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Chronic alcoholics will have decreased _________
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Magnesium
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What is a side effect for low magnesium?
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Tremmors
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Common side effect of hyperkalemia and hypokalemia
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Bradycardia
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What type of diet should be given to a patient recovering from diarrhea?
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High carbohydrate, low fiber
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Where is abnormal fat absorption detected?
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Stool
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What food is good for a patient who is hypocalcemic and allergic to dairy products?
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Liver
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What is the proportional ratio of calories from fats, carbs, and proteins
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9-4-4
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A side effect of diuretics is?
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Leg Cramps
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Is it normal to have a slight presence of sugar in the urine?
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No, this is an abnormal result of a urinalysis
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Increased tone of nonvascular smooth muscles is an effect of ______
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Paregoric on the gastrointestinal tract
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Drainage of intestinal fistula can cause ________
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Hyperkalemia
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Abdominal cramping and large doses of baking soda will cause ______
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Metabolic alkalosis
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Amount of residual urine needed before a catheter is inserted is ______
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50 cc
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Patients with high cholesterol should eat a diet high in ________
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Polyunsaturated fats
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Side effect of a diet low in sodium is _____
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Weight loss
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This should be increased for a patient with a negative balance
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Protein
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This food is good for a patient to eat when on a low cholesterol diet
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Peanut Butter
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This vitamin helps to transmit nerve impulses
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Vitamin B
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Water re-absorption by the body here
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Large intestines
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Use this vitamin for wound healing
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Vitamin C
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Determines a patient's pulse deficit by checking the _____ - _____
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Apical - radial pulses
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Provide this for a patient with anemia
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Rest
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The propulsive gastrointestinal muscular activity is called _______
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Peristalsis
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Cheese should be encouraged in what diet to increase absorption of protein?
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Lacto vegetarian
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Broccoli is low in _______
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Fiber
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Chronic alcoholics will have decreased _________
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Vitamin B (thiamine)
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An increase of milk can _____ ______ in a 15 month old
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Decrease hemoglobin
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Watch for _____ when TPN is shut off
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Hypoglycemia
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Before administering through a feeding tube, what should you look for?
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Residual feeding contents
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Problems with fat metabolism will cause this
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Vitamin B1 deficiency
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Constipation can be caused by ______
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A diet high in refined carbs
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Two side effects of Lasix administration are
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Muscle weakness and hypotension
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This may be normal for the elderly, but can cause an alteration in nutrition
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Impaired sense of taste buds
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What regulates the retention of sodium?
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Aldosterone
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This exercise can help with urinary incontinence
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Kegel’s
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Normal urinary output = ___ cc/hr
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50
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What position should a patient's bed be in when he needs to defecate?
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Semi Fowlers
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What important measure should be taken in regards to a foley bag?
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Always keep the Foley bag below the bladder level
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Diuril can cause this side effect
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Hypochloremia
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Name two side effects of Lomotil
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Increased intestinal tone and decreased peristalsis
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Hypoxia can cause permanent brain damage in _____ minutes
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3 to 5
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A nasal cannula will deliver ____L /min air with approx ____% O2
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5 L air 35% O2
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A complication for bronchodilators is
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Cardiogenic complications
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What muscles are weaker in the elderly? What complications does this lead to?
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Expiratory muscles, leading to more frequent respiratory infections
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Hyperkalemia symptoms
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Concentrated urine, dry mucous membranes and dry swollen tongue
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Labored breathing
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Deep and even chest expansion with each breath
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Hypovolemia in an infant
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Depressed anterior fontanel and dry mucous membranes
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Memory loss is an early sign of acute _____
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Hypoxia
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When removing a Foley on your patient, watch for ______
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Patient voiding and bladder distention
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This simple change can reduce an infant’s oxygen need
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Providing a calm quiet environment
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Food intake stimulates _______
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Gastro colic reflex which affects bowel elimination
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Increased erythropoietin production will ______
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Increase the capacity for oxygen to be carried to all areas of the body
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Clubbing of the fingers is seen in patients with ______
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Chronic hypoxia
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A common complaint after an indwelling catheter is removed
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Dysuria
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Monitor this when giving a patient a potassium chloride intravenous solution
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Their output
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Watch for dyspnea and crackles when giving ______ solutions intravenously
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Hypertonic
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pH 7.30, pCO2 50 mmhg
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Respiratory acidosis
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This laxative preserves natural bowel function
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Bulk forming
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What happens to the atmospheric and intrapulmonic pressures when a person takes a deep breath?
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Atmospheric pressure exceeds intrapulmonic pressure
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Tap water enemas may cause _______
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Hyponatremia
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Assessing whether the patient can squeeze your hand is a way to check for _______
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Hypercalcemia
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Interference with iodine absorption affects _______
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Cell metabolism
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Foreign travel - developed diarrhea can cause ________
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Malabsorption syndrome
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0.9% NaCl would cause fluid to move from ______ to ______
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Circulatory system to the interstitial spaces
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0.45NaCl would cause the fluid to move from _____ to _____
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Plasma into the cells
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What diet should be promoted with a patient who has a low serum albumin?
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High protein
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What abnormal lab values should you see with a patient who has been vomiting for four days?
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An increase in hematocrit
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Narrow ribboned shaped stool is ______
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Abnormal
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Stress incontinence can be improved with ______ exercises
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Kegel's
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How long must an oil retention enemas remain in the patient?
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At least one hour
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What food is recommended for an 8 yr old patient who is at risk for constipation?
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Popcorn
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Decrease flatulence by limiting ______
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Carbonated drinks
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Diarrhea with tube feeders usually means ______
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The feeding is too high in carbohydrates
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Take daily weight for a patient with ______ and _____
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Edema and CHF
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For a patient with a heart problem and low hemoglobin, give ______ blood
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Packed cells
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This should always be given to a patient when receiving blood products
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Normal saline
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Extreme stress will affect the urinary output in what way?
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Decrease urinary output
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What is important to know about a kayexalate enema?
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The patient should hold the enema as long as possible and then expel it
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Glycerin suppositories are given __ minutes before the patient's usual defecation?
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30 minutes
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Recommend ______ for lacto-vegetarian patients who are anemic
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Soybeans, corn, raisins and milk
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Tomatoes will help in the absorption of ____
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Iron
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This serum electrolyte will be elevated in a patient who is immobile
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Calcium
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This saline enema twill increases fluid bulk by decreasing fluid absorption
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Milk of Magnesia
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This method is used to exhale more effectively
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Pursed lip breathing
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Un-oxygenated blood leaves the heart through the ______ ______
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Pulmonary artery
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Diets high in _____ and vitamin ___ are encouraged to bed bound patients
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Protein and vitamin C
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Where should the patient place their hands when you are using the pivot maneuver to transfer them?
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On your shoulders
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This most affects a patient's level of ability
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Lifestyle
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A trochanter roll is placed against the patient's ______ to prevent _______
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Femur to prevent external rotation
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What is the Sim's position?
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Patient laying on their left side with pillows placed beneath the head, upper right arm and upper right thigh
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How should the nurse promote safety of an immobile patient?
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Orient the patient to the call light, NOT using restraints or leaving the side rails down
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These type of exercises maintains muscle strength and size
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Isometric
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Passive range of motion maintains _______
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Joint flexibility
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Slightly flex these two body parts when correctly positioning an immobile patient in bed
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Hips and elbows
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Elderly patients have a decreased ability to _________
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Metabolize drugs
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Ritalin is commonly used in the treatment of _________
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Narcolepsy stage IV of NREM
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What stage of sleep would you see a decrease in blood pressure, metabolic rate and slow, rolling eye movements?
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NREM
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A sign of REM deprivation is ________
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Irritability
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A sign of NREM deprivation is ________
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Excessive sleepiness
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Narcolepsy
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Uncontrolled attacks of overwhelming sleepiness during the day
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This type of sleep allows the brain to analyze the day's activities
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REM
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What type of sleep restores the body physically?
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NREM
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What type of sleep increases the metabolism of the brain?
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REM
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What stage of sleep is most difficult to arouse, most relaxed and rarely moves
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Stage IV of NREM
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You can develop signs like anxiety when you are denied ________
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Opportunities to dream while sleeping
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What is the most important factor that affects an individuals need for rest?
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Age
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_____ is recommended for patients with sleep disturbances
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Dalmane
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Patients should wear _______ when walking
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Slippers
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Crutch walking is an impractical goal because_______
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The elderly have a decreased level of vital acuity
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What is monitored to gauge the nutritional status of a post op patient who is confined to a bed?
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Serum albumin
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Keeping the knees flexed when moving a patient from one side of the bed to the other helps to _______
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Lower your center of gravity
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