Nbme: Biochem Diseases

Front 1

Alzheimer's Disesase

Back 1

-->Amyloid-β protein misfolding

Front 2

Lou Gehrig's Disease

Back 2

-->misfolded SUPEROXIDE DIMUTASE

O2- ------> H2O2 (rxn blocked)

Front 3

Type II Diabetes

Back 3

-->misfolded Islet Amyloid Polypeptide

Front 4

Transmittable Spongiform Encephalitis
Mad Cow's Disease

Back 4

-->misfolded PRION

Front 5

Huntington's Disease

Back 5

-->Huntingtin w/ POLYGLUTAMINE EXPANSION

-->expansion of the variable number tandem repeats within the gene (microsatellites)

--> more than 30 CAG repeats

Front 6

Hereditary Persistance of Fetal Hemoglobin

Back 6

-->mutation in DNA

-->triple helix cannot form to inhibit y-globulin gene promoter

-->similar in symptoms to β-thalessemia

Front 7

Tetracyclines

Back 7

-->bind to the 30S subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes

-->prevent attachment of aminoacyl tRNA synthase

Front 8

Streptomycin

Back 8

-->targets the formation of FORMYL- tRNA (Methionine)

-->only prokaryotes use formyl-tRNA (Met)

Front 9

Quinolones
Nalidixic Acid

Back 9

-->inhibits GYRASE activity

-->prevents resealing of dsDNA breaks

Front 10

Cisplatin

Back 10

-->platinum-based chemotherapy

-->induces dsDNA crosslinking

-->apoptosis

Front 11

Ciporoflaxin

Back 11

-->fluoroquinolone

-->topoisomerase inhibitor

-->prevents dsDNA re-ligation

(also, nalidixic acid for gyrase)

Front 12

Lamivudine

Back 12

-->nucleoside analog effective agains HBV and HIV

-->chain-terminator

-->analong for CYTIDINE

Front 13

Azidodeoxythymidine

Back 13

AZT

-->nucleoside analog for THYMIDINE

Front 14

Efavirenz

Back 14

-->nonucleoside RT inhibitor

-->binds to RT and sterically hinders