Nbde Biochemistry/physiology Ii

Front 1

What hormone is deficient in Cretinism?

Back 1

Thyroid hormone

Front 2

What enzyme would lead to reduced biosynthesis of elastin and collagen because of a diet lacking copper?

Back 2

Lysyl Oxidase

Front 3

Chemotherapeutic drugs are impotent to cells in what cell cycle phase?

Back 3

G0

Front 4

Which is not a post translational modification of polypeptides?
a) formation of disulfide bridges
b) removal of initiation methionine
c) protease autolytic cleavage
d) polyadenylation
e) attachment of functional groups

Back 4

Polyadenylation

Front 5

Each of the following vitamins requires phosphorylation for functionality Except?
a) Lipamide
b) Riboflavin
c) Pyridoxine
d) Niacin
e) Thiamine

Back 5

Lipoamide

Front 6

What are one carbon donors?

Back 6

S-adenosyl methionine, tetrahydrofolate, and vitamin B12

Front 7

If the radius of a blood vessel is doubled, then the blood flow rate would be affected in which way?

Back 7

Increased 16-fold

Front 8

The mechanism of contraction in skeletal muscle is different from that of smooth muscle in which of the following ways?
a) Source of calcium
b) Role of calcium
c) Source of energy
d) Generation of force
e) Nature of contractile proteins

Back 8

Role of calcium

Front 9

A myofibril is characterized as?

Back 9

A bundle of thick and thin filaments

Front 10

Meiotic division occurs in
a) spermatazoa
b) spermatogonia
c) spermatids
d) primary spermatocytes

Back 10

Primary spermatocytes

Front 11

1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is produced in which organ?

Back 11

Kidney

Front 12

T/F
The enterogastric reflex is initiated by incoming food causing the stomach to stretch. The enterogastric reflex activates sympathetic fibers which tighten the pyloric sphincter preventing food from entering into the small intestines.

Back 12

The first statement is FALSE, the second statement is TRUE

Front 13

Regarding the fast cardiac fiber, each of the following statements is correct Except?
a) Unlike fast cardiac fibers, slow cardiac fibers have a less negative resting membrane potential
b) The influx of calcium in Phase 2 of fast cardiac fibers is essential for muscle contraction
c) The influx of potassium in Phase 3 of fast cardiac fibers causes repolarization
d) Unlike fast cardiac fibers, slow cardiac fibers do not exhibit a prominent plateu phase
e) The influx of sodium in Phase 0 of fast cardiac fibers causes rapid depolarization

Back 13

The influx of potassium in Phase 3 of fast cardiac fibers causes repolarization

Front 14

The radius of a blood vessel increases by 2 fold. What is the resulting change in the resistance to blood flow?

Back 14

16 fold decrease in resistance

Front 15

In oxidative phosphorylation, which coenzyme receives electrons from Complex II?

Back 15

Ubiquinone

Front 16

Transaminase reactions require what enzyme?

Back 16

Pyridoxyl Phosphate

Front 17

Each of the following statements concerning trypsin is True except one?
a) Trypsin inhibitor is secreted along with trypsin
b) Enterokinase activates trypsinogen
c) Trypsin activates procarboxypeptidase
d) Premature trypsin activation may lead to acute pancreatitis
e) Chymotrypsinogen activates trypsin

Back 17

Chymotrypsinogen activates trypsin

Front 18

Which of the following is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone release?
a) Hypocalciruria
b) Stimulation of bone resorption by osteoclasts
c) Two principal target organs of parathyroid hormone is bone and intestine
d) Decrease in renal excretion of phosphate
e) Increase in intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate

Back 18

Decrease in renal excretion of phosphate

Front 19

Hypertrophic chondrocytes of the growth plate produce what type of cartilage?

Back 19

Type X collagen

Front 20

Vitamin B12 is mainly absorbed in the?

Back 20

Ileum

Front 21

T/F
RNA polymerase is used in the initial step of DNA synthesis on the template strand. For both DNA and RNA synthesis, mispaired nucleotides are removed by 3 to 5 prime exonuclease.

Back 21

Both statements are false

Front 22

What is characteristic of isovolumetric contraction in cardiac muscle?

Back 22

Marks the beginning of systole

Front 23

Glucose, ketone bodies, and fatty acids can be directly metabolized where?

Back 23

Muscle

Front 24

Erythropoietin increases production of?

Back 24

Red Blood Cells

Front 25

The Northern Blot is primarily used to determine if?

Back 25

RNA with a specific nucleotide sequence is expressed

Front 26

Each of the following are characteristic of salivary secretions Exept?
a) The concentration of potassium in saliva is higher than the plasma
b) The ionic concentration of saliva is hypertonic to plasma
c) The concentration of sodium in saliva is lower than the plasma
d) The flow rate alters the concentration of potassium in saliva
e) Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems stimulate salivary secretions

Back 26

The ionic concentration of saliva is hypertonic to plasma

Front 27

Oxytocin and Vasopressin are synthesized by the?

Back 27

Hypothalamus

Front 28

Each of the following is higher at the base than at the apex of the lung of a standing patient Except?
a) Blood flow
b) PCO2
c) Lung compliance
d) Ventilation
e) V/Q Ratio

Back 28

V/Q Ratio

Front 29

Which of the following amino acids possesses a hydrophilic side chain?
a) Proline
b) Leucine
c) Tyrosine
d) Histidine
e) Methionine

Back 29

Histidine

Front 30

Each of the following is a role of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) when isolating DNA Except one?
a) Precipitating proteins from solution
b) Denaturing cellular proteins
c) Lysing the plasma membrane
d) Lysing the nuclear membrane
e) Disrupting the chromatin structure

Back 30

Precipitating proteins from solution

Front 31

Which of the following is NOT correct about protein collagen?
a) Protein collagen forms a double helix
b) Protein collagen contains the modified amino acid hydroxyproline
c) Protein collagen contains a repetative sequence of Qly-X-Pro and Gly-X-Hyp
d) Protein collagen forms a fibrous structure
e) Protein collagen contains no cysteine residues in the mature molecule

Back 31

Protein collagen forms a double helix

Front 32

What hormone binds to granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle triggering ovulation?

Back 32

LH

Front 33

What amino acid is made as a byproduct of the urea cycle?

Back 33

Arginine

Front 34

Addison's disease is associated with?

Back 34

Decreased production of ACTH

Front 35

A highly vascular small diameter skeletal muscle fiber
a) is high in mitochondria
b) is high in glycogen content
c) has high ATPase activity
d) is white colored
e) has low levels of myoglobin

Back 35

Is high in mitochondria

Front 36

An isotonic muscle twitch differs from an isometric muscle twitch in that the?

Back 36

Muscle length changes during the twitch

Front 37

In the somatosensory homunculus, the greatest sensory cortical representation is found for the?
a) genitale
b) thumb
c) neck
d) eye
e) arm

Back 37

Thumb

Front 38

Each of the following metabolic processes occurs in the mitochondria Except?
a) Cholesterol synthesis
b) Fatty acid
c) Ketone body synthesis
d) Production of acetyl-CoA
e) Krebs cycle

Back 38

Cholesterol synthesis

Front 39

Reticulocytes are
a) Abnormal red blood cells
b) Mature red blood cells
c) Non-functional red blood cells
d) Immature red blood cells
e) nucleated red blood cells

Back 39

Immature red blood cells

Front 40

Cholesterol serves as the precursor for each of the following Except?
a) Bile salts
b) High density lipoprotein
c) Vitamin D
d) Estrogen
e) Aldosterone

Back 40

High density lipoproteins

Front 41

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of carbon monoxide poisoning?
a) Decreased arterial partial pressure of oxygen
b) Increased affinity for hemoglobin
c) No change in alveolar ventilation
d) Decreased arterial oxygen concentration
e) Shifting of oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve to the left

Back 41

Decreased arterial oxygen concentration

Front 42

The chloride-bicarbonate transport system found in the erythrocyte membrane is a type of?

Back 42

Facilitated diffusion

Front 43

A protein is heated until it denatures. Which of the following bond types is still intact?
a) Hydrophobic
b) Van der Waals
c) Hydrogen
d) Disulfide
e) Electrostatic

Back 43

Disulfide

Front 44

Which of the following lipids is NOT present in cell membranes?
a) Lysophosphatidylcholine
b) Cholesterol esters
c) Plasmalogen
d) Glycosylphosphatidylinositol
e) Myristate

Back 44

Lysophosphatidylcholine

Front 45

Starting with 2 molecules of Pyruvate, how many NADH molecules are created from one turn of the Krebs Cycle?

Back 45

8

Front 46

The rate-limiting step of the Krebs cycle is catalyzed by?

Back 46

Isocitrate dehydrogenase