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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Frontal Lobe.
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- responsible for cognition (intelligence, problem solving, STM), motor planning, working memory, math calculations.
- has Broca's area: controls motor aspects of speech. Frontal Lobe responsible for expressive language. - has Prefrontal lobe: responsible for executive functioning (organization, planning, sequencing, motivation, etc), self insight, regulation of emotions. |
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Parietal Lobe.
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responsible for sensory detection, perception, and interpretation (touch, proprioceptive, pain, temperature sensations from opposite sides of the body)
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Temporal Lobe.
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processes auditory stimuli, LTM, has Wernicke's area: language comprehension.
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Occipital Lobe.
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interpretation of visual stimuli.
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Insula (lobe).
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perceptual processing of visceral functions (gustatory)
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Limbic system.
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- oldest part of brain
- deals with basic functions = feeding, aggression, raw emotions (associated with LTM), endocrine aspect of sexual response |
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What is included in the diencephalon?
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Thalamus and Hypothalamus
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Thalamus.
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gateway to the cortex, relays sensory/motor information to the cortex.
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Hypothalamus
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Regulates ANS and neuroendocrine system, maintains body homeostasis (body temperature, hunger, water balance, sleep/wake cycles, emotion, sexual behavior)
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What is included in the brain stem?
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(in order downwards) Midbrain, Pons, Medulla
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Midbrain.
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role in automatic reflexive behaviors dealing with vision and audition.
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Pons.
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- deals with the relay system among the spinal cord, cerebellum, and cerebrum.
- mediates motor information on an unconscious level. |
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Medulla.
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- carries descending motor messages from cerebrum to SC.
- carries ascending sensory messages from SC to cerebrum. |
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The brain stem controls what functions?
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Vegetative functions: respiration, cough/gag reflex, pupillary response, swallowing reflex
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Cerebellum.
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- equilibrium, regulation of muscle tone
- maintains posture, voluntary movement control - smooth coordination of movements |
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Autonomic Nervous System includes what?
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SNS
PNS |
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Sympathetic Nervous System.
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Prepares the body for fight/flight
- emergency responses, increases HR/BP, constricts peripheral blood vessels and redistributes blood, inhibits peristalsis. |
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Parasympathetic Nervous System.
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Conserves and restores homeostasis, decreases HR/BP, increases peristalsis and glandular activity.
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Cerebral Spinal Fluid.
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- Protects the brain (acts as a shock absorber).
- Deals with the exchange of nutrients and waste (keeps bad things out) |
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Hydrocephalus.
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- A build-up of pressure and fluid that results in compression of neural tissue and enlargement of the ventricles.
- can occur in infants and adults Tx: Infant (cause is blockage): shunt (tube) that bypasses blockage Infant (excessive CSF): shunt to drain excess CSF to abdomen Adult: surgical shunt to abdomen to drain excess. |
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Nerve Distribution to the Hand.
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Drawing:
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