Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How were the lives of the German people affected by World War 1 |
Nearly 763000 Germans died of starvation during and immediately after WWI. This was because of the allied ships including the British Royal Navy which prevented ships from reaching Germany resulting in food shortages |
|
|
Describe the kaiser's abdication |
Sailors in the German Navy were becoming increasingly unhappy. This led to a mutiny rebellion in October of 1918 which in turn leads to the kaiser's abdication in November. |
|
|
Name some problems that the Kaiser had while ruling Germany |
An increase in industrialisation created poor living and working conditions for working classes which led to them taking a greater interest in politics which led to a growth in socialism. by 1912 the social democratic party had 36% of the vote which was a problem as no party has the majority in Parliament which hindered the effectiveness of how the country was run. (If more relevant it could also be linked that in 1890 the SPD have 35 seats in the Reichstag and in the next 30 years increased to 110)
Another problem was the reaction to the naval laws. members of society were opposed to the navy laws mostly because of the huge sums of money needed to enact them. army leaders also disapproved which brought them to conflict with the Kaiser and decreased his popularity in Germany. The first naval law was passed in 1898 and it allowed the addition of 7 battleships in addition to the 12 that the German Navy already possessed. The naval laws also caused tension with other countries. And tension with the people as their taxes were increased to fund it. |
|
|
Describe the Kapp Putsch |
Happened in March 1920. Troops fearing unemployment decided to March on Berlin led by an nationalist politician Dr Wolfgang Kapp. In order to stop the Rebels the government organised the national strike of trade unions. This was successful. This was right wing and if successful would have made Dr Kapp the dictator. |
|
|
Describe The Munich Putsch |
The economic crisis of 1923 led to Hitler's Nazi Party trying to seize power in Germany. The Munich Putsch failed due to lack of support Hitler was imprisoned and the Nazi party was banned. In prison Hitler wrote Mein Kampf and he also decided to rethink the Nazi party's Tactics realising he would have to win support through elections |
|
|
When was the Stresemann era |
1924 to 1929 |
|
|
List some good things about the Stresemann era |
November 1923 set up a new currency called the rentenmark. This fixed hyperinflation. In 1924 the Dawes Plan was set up. This left Germany 800 million marks in debt. In 1929 the Young Plan. This reduced the total debt to 2 billion In 1926 Germany joined the League of Nations. |
|
|
What was the depression |
The Wall Street crash in October 1929 led to the Great Depression which caused huge economic problems in Germany which led to the growth in popularity of extremist parties |
|
|
When was the Enabling Act passed |
March 23rd 1933 |
|
|
What did the Enabling Act allow |
It allowed the Reichstag cabinet to pass new laws which could over rule the constitution and it allow Hitler to propose the laws |
|
|
When did Hitler ban all political parties |
14th of July 1933 the law against the formation of new parties and any political party except for the Nazis |
|
|
Describe the Night of Long Knives |
On the 30th of June 1934 Hitler decided to get rid of the Threat of Rohm and the Stormtroopers. He did this by inviting Rohm and 100 SA leaders to a meeting where they were arrested and shot. |
|
|
Who was Rohm? |
Rohm was the leader of at least 3 million Stormtroopers which made him a serious rival to Hitler. The Stormtroopers were the Nazi paramilitary force. |
|
|
How did Hitler become the fuhrer |
August 1934 President Hindenburg died. After his death a law concerning the head of state merged the offices of Chancellor and president to create one new office of Furher this was Hitler's position. From now on the army swore an oath of alliance to him. |
|
|
How much was spent on ww1? |
40 billion dollars |
|
|
What was Hitler's appeal |
- He wrote mein kampf which made him fairly well known - He spoke a lot about the flaws of the weimar Republic - In 1932 travelled to 20 cities in 7 days to make speeches on an airplane |
|
|
How did hitler reduce unemployment |
- he introduced the national labour service. Made compulsory for all men aged 18-25 in 1935 made them serve 6 months on public work schemes like farming. - rearmament provided jobs |
|
|
What was the four year plan |
Led by Goering Proposed rearmament to improve army and navy Wanted to make Germany self sufficient (autarky); controls were put on imports |
|
|
What were the bad things about the Nazi economic policies |
- cost of food rose - working hours increased - Jewish businesses were closed |
|
|
What were some good things about Nazi economic policies |
- unemployment was reduced - wages rose - farmers benefitted - businesses benefitted |
|
|
Impact of ww2 (1939-42) |
Rationing Black Market thrived Forced labour of concentration camps and foreigners (7 million) |
|
|
Impact of war 1942-45 |
- 500,000 people killed in bombing raids - 7 million people made homeless - Over a million homes destroyed - Rationing and food shortages - Forced labour (men 16+, women 17+, Russian War prisoners and Hitler Youth) |
|
|
Nazi effect on women |
- banned from careers in 1933 - no women in Parliament from 1933 - BDM - women couldn't marry Jews - 1933-45, 320,000 women deemed to mentally or physically ill to have children were sterilised - the Total War effort meant all women <50 were called to work but of 3 million only 1 million did |
