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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are two possible characteristics of a chart projection?
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Constant Scale, Course Lines are Great Circles
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Why is a great circle route important?
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Provides shortest distance between two points, saving time and fuel
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Which parallel forms a great circle?
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The equator
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Which meridian is a great circle?
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All of them are great circles
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What is the most widely used projection?
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Lambert Conformal Projection
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What are 5 characteristics of the Lambert Conformal Projection?
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Conic projection; parallels are equally spaced concentric circles; meridians are straight lines; constant distance scale; great circle routes are straight lines
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What are the two main types of Lambert Conformal charts available for navigation?
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Operational Navigation Chart (ONC); Tactical Pilotage Chart (TPC)
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What is the scale of the ONC?
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1:1,000,000
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What is the ONC used for?
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Planning long-range navigation
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What is the scale of the TPC?
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1:500,000
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What is the TPC used for?
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Visual and low-level radar navigation; route and checkpoint determination
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What type of projection does a Mercator chart use?
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Cylindrical
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What are the disadvantages of a Mercator projection chart?
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Variable distance scales, curved great circle routes
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What is course?
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intended flight path
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What is heading?
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direction of the longitudinal axis / nose of the aircraft
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What is track?
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actual flight path over the ground
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What is variation?
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angular difference between true north and magnetic north
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How is variation determined (east or west)?
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from true to magnetic
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What is an isogonic line?
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Connects points of equal variation
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How are isogonic lines indicated on TPC and ONC charts?
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dashed blue lines
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What is the memory aid for east/west magnetic variation correction?
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When correcting FROM true TO magnetic: east is least, west is best
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What is the equation for magnetic course with a easterly variation?
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MC = TC - East Variation
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What is the equation for magnetic course with a westerly variation?
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MC = TC + West Variation
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What are the two types of time zones?
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Local Mean Time (LMT) and Greeniwch Mean Time (GMT / Zulu)
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What is the rotation of the earth in one hour?
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15 degrees
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What is the zone description (ZD)?
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indicates difference in hours from GMT to LMT
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Where can the Zone Descriptions be found?
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IFR Enroute Supplement or the TPC
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What is the equation to find GMT (Z)?
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Z = LMT - ZD
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What is the equation to find LMT?
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LMT = Z + ZD
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What is the divider used for?
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Measuring distance
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What is the plotter used for?
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Drawing course lines and measuring direction (not accurate for distance!!)
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What is the distance of the smallest meridian tick mark on the xx chart?
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One minute or one nautical mile
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What is the distance of the medium meridian tick mark on the xx chart?
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five minutes or five nautical miles
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What is the distance of the largeest meridian tick mark on the xx chart?
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10 minutes or 10 nautical miles
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What is used to measure distance on the Lamber Conformal Chart?
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degrees of latitude, which are marked on the lines of longitude/meridians
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How far is one degree of latitude?
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60 minutes or 60 nautical miles
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What instrument gives TACAN information?
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Bearing Distance Heading Indicator (BDHI) #2 needle
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What type of distance is given in the BDHI?
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Slant range in NM
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What type of heading is given in the BDHI?
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Magnetic heading
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