Nature Of Information And Information Science

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defines knowledge spectrum as the connectedness of data, information, knowledge and wisdom

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Ackoff 1989

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the range of what someone or something knows

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Knowledge spectrum

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2 initiating factors for the transformation

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INTRINSIC and EXTRINSIC

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the influence within oneself which transforms these elements into other entities on several basis

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Intrinsic

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the external influence that turn these entities into other form

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extrinsic

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features of information, typically numerical, which us gathered through obserdation

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Data

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a collection of values of qualitative and quantitative variables for one or more entities/objects, whereas datum (singular data) is a single value of a single variable (frustration bereau of statistics)

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Data in technical aspect

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used to represent events and their state, organized according to formal rules and conventions

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• letter

• number

• lines

• graphs

• symbols, etc.

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cognitive state of awareness (as being informed) given representation in physical form (data). Responds to the question of "what an object is"

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Information

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Represenation of information

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• signals

• sign

• symbols

• language

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a sign with an emphasis on some consequal action

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signals

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a physical evidence of the immediate physical of the thing or event present

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sign

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special kind of sign

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symbols

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the principal method of human communication

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language

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cognitive state beyond awareness and the ability to extend the level of understanding to meet life's contingencies

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Knowledge

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the things given to the analyst

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data

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the application of knowledge as contain in human judgement centered on certain criteria or values that are generally accepted by the culture or society

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wisdom

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characteristic of information

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• Inherent characteristic of information

• User dependent characteristics

• Properties of Information needs

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set of interconnected structure elements that provide the framework for supporting the entire structure

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Information Infrastructure

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a shared, evolving, open, standardized, and for supporting the entire structure

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Ole Hanseth (2002)

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as all of the people, processes, procedures, tools, facilities, and technology which supports the creation, use, transport, storage, and destruction of information

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Pironti (2006)

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can be viewed as a process where information is created, disseminateed, and used

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Educational, Recreational and Information (ERI)

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recognition that your knowledge is inadequate to satisfy a goal

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Information need

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desire for information to satisfy an uncertainty

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Information want

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the bulk of the field of information science

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Information storage and retrieval

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devise interprosed between a potential end user of an information collection and the information collection itself

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Information Retrieval system

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4 categories of knowledge

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• World knowledge

• Systems knowledge

• Task knowledge

• Domain knowledge

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4 areas for consideration

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• speech recognition

• command recognition

• content analysis and representative

• system interaction

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societies that posses the highest quality of information are likely to prosper economically, socially, and politically

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Value of Information and value added processes