Natural Science

Front 1

Photosynthesis is a process in which plants convert

Back 1

carbon dioxide and water into sugar

Front 2

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have the following property in common

Back 2

Both are involved in energy generation in the cell

Front 3

In cellular respiration

Back 3

glucose is broken down and energy is created in the form of ATP

Front 4

Which of the following is found in prokaryotic cells only?

Back 4

Nucleoid Region

Front 5

Protiens are synthesized on

Back 5

ribosomes

Front 6

Chromatin consists of

Back 6

DNA and protiens

Front 7

The first step in cell division is

Back 7

duplication of the chromosomes

Front 8

An animal cell contains M chromosomes. After mitotic cell division, each daughter cell contains ______ chromosones.

Back 8

M

Front 9

Cancer cells are characterized by

Back 9

not exhibiting contact inhibition

Front 10

The sequence from gene to protien in eukaryotic cells is

Back 10

DNA, RNA, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus

Front 11

The genetic code is

Back 11

universal for all living organisms

Front 12

DNA and RNA have all of the following in common except

Back 12

double helix structure

Front 13

When a red snap dragon flower is pollinated using pollen from a white snap dragon, the following number of flowers and colors is observed: 23 red, 20 white, 57 pink. The genotype of the pink flowers is

Back 13

RW

Front 14

Parents with blood types A and B have an offspring with type A blood. What are the probable genotypes of the parents?

Back 14

AO BO

Front 15

The gene for a lethal disease is carried on the X chromosome. What is the probability that a women who is a carrier passes this gene to her son?

Back 15

50%

Front 16

Which of the following tissue types covers the outside of the body and lines the internal organs and cavities?

Back 16

Epithelial

Front 17

Which of the following tissue types is responsible for contractions that move food along the intestines?

Back 17

Smooth muscle

Front 18

Blood consists of the following tissue types except

Back 18

collagen

Front 19

Different cell types have

Back 19

the same DNA

Front 20

Which animal had radial symmetry?

Back 20

Starfish

Front 21

Which of the following would NOT be found in an animal with bilateral symmetry?

Back 21

3 axes of symmetry

Front 22

Which of the following is NOT a neurotransmitter?

Back 22

Caffeine

Front 23

Allergies occur when

Back 23

the immune system launches an inflammatory response

Front 24

In a tryptophan-rich enviroment, it is noticed the genes that code for protiens important in the bacteria's metabolic production of tryptophan are turned off. The bacteria are not producing tryptophan. In this example, tryptophan

Back 24

acts via a negative feedback loop

Front 25

Select the arrangement that lists the items from smallest to largest components.

Back 25

Organelle, cell, tissue, organ

Front 26

Which organ is involved in filtering waste from the body?

Back 26

kidneys

Front 27

A clone shares ______ of its genetic material with its parents.

Back 27

100%

Front 28

The role of hemoglobin is to carry ______ from the lungs to the tissues and _______ back to the lungs.

Back 28

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Front 29

Which of the following systems is responsible for producing antibodies to fight infection?

Back 29

Immune

Front 30

Which of the following does NOT act to increase genetic diversity?

Back 30

selective breeding

Front 31

Darwin's theory of evolution can be described best by

Back 31

descent with modification

Front 32

Natural selection occurs due to

Back 32

differential success in reproduction

Front 33

The breeding of race horses is an example of

Back 33

selective breeding

Front 34

Genetic tests can reolve ambiguities about whether a trait is homologous or analogous because

Back 34

the closer the DNA base sequence, the more likely two genes originate from a common ancestor

Front 35

The bottleneck effect occurs when natural disasters such as earthquakes or floods drastically reduce the size of a population. Which of the following best describes the resulting effect on the gene pool of the surviving population?

Back 35

The surviving population is not representative of the original population in its genetic makeup.

Front 36

Which ordering correctly represents teh appearance of these types of organisms from oldest to the most recent?

Back 36

marine invertebrates, land plants, reptiles, mammals

Front 37

The commmon scientific name for the red maple tree is Acer rubrum. This name includes which of the following classification divisions?

Back 37

Genus, species

Front 38

Two organisms are mroe related if they share which of the following classification divisions?

Back 38

Family

Front 39

Which of the following is an example of natural selection?

Back 39

The development of pesticide-resistant bacteria

Front 40

Which of the following is an example of coevolution?

Back 40

Birds consuming the fruit of plants and distributing the seeds

Front 41

Which of the following is an example of a primary producer?

Back 41

Plankton

Front 42

Which of the following statements is true about a community that has a high diversity(large number of species)?

Back 42

It is more complex and more stable than a community with low diversity.

Front 43

Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor in the enviroment?

Back 43

Vegetation

Front 44

Which type of organism comprises the largest amount of biomass in the energy pyramid?

Back 44

Producers

Front 45

Which of the following is an example of a human activity that has decreased biodiversity?

Back 45

Planting a few types of wheat that compose 90% of the harvest.

Front 46

The abiotic enviroment and biotic community together make up a/an

Back 46

ecosystem

Front 47

Half of all species on Earth are contained in the

Back 47

tropical rainforest

Front 48

Humans contribute to the extinction of species by which of the following mechanisms?

i) habitat reduction and modification
ii) overexploitation
iii)introduction of exotic species

Back 48

i, ii, iii

Front 49

Post World War II traffic in the South Pacific resulted in the inroduction of the brown tree snake to the island of Guam, which was prevously snake free. Since the introduction of the brown tree snake many indigenous speces of birds and lizards have disappeared. Which of the following statements best describes this situation?

Back 49

The brown tree snake is a super predator in the Guam ecosystem.

Front 50

Organisms in which type of relationship both benefit from thier association?

Back 50

mutualism

Front 51

What percentage of energy is passed on to each succesive organism in the energy pyramid?

Back 51

10%

Front 52

Which of the following organisms is responsible for breaking down dead organisms and animal waste products?

Back 52

decomposer

Front 53

When energy is added to an ideal gas, the kinetic energy of the particles

Back 53

increases

Front 54

In Einstein's famous equation E=mc squared, the c is equal to

Back 54

the speed of light

Front 55

Which of the following statements is true regarding a chemical reaction that occurs spontaneously?

Back 55

The free energy is negative

Front 56

An enzyme increases the amount of product formed by a chemical reaction by

Back 56

lowering the activation barrier for the chemical reaction

Front 57

At the top of the highest hill on an ideal roller coaster (no frictional forces) all of the energy is

Back 57

potential energy only

Front 58

A child swings a yo-yo around his head in a circle. The direction of centripetal accerleration is

Back 58

directed along a line towards the center of the circle

Front 59

Glass is a/an

Back 59

super cooled liquid

Front 60

During the winter, salt is spread in icy roads to

Back 60

lower the melting point of ice

Front 61

During the winter, salt is spread on icy roads to

Back 61

lower the meting point of ice

Front 62

The entropy of a system is a measure of ______ of a system.

Back 62

the disorder

Front 63

The escape of velocity of a rocket is

Back 63

the velocity required to overcome the gravitational pull of the earth

Front 64

An object such as a spring udnergoes simple harmonic motion. For an ideal spring there are no dissipative forces and the total energy of the system remains constant. In a particular system, a spring with a weight attached is anchored to a wall. The spring is stretched to its maximum distance and is released. Which of the following statements is NOT true for this system?

Back 64

mechanical energy is not conserved

Front 65

The nucleus of an atom is made up of

Back 65

protons and neutrons

Front 66

Isotopes contain the same number of _____ but different numbers of _____.

Back 66

protons, neutrons

Front 67

The highest ionizaion energy occurs for which of the following atoms?

Back 67

F

Front 68

When an atom emits an alpha particle, its mass number ______ and its atomic number ______.

Back 68

decreases, decreases

Front 69

Which compound is the best conductor of electricity?

Back 69

copper

Front 70

The following particle is released in the nuclear dcay process U-->Th+X.

Back 70

Alpha Particle

Front 71

What product is formed when 209TI undergoes beta decay?
81

Back 71

209 Pb
82

Front 72

A gamma ray is a/an

Back 72

high-energy, invisible electromagnetic radiation

Front 73

An atom which has high electronegativity will

Back 73

will more readily accept an additional electron than an atom with low electrone-gativity

Front 74

The bond in NaCl is best described as a/an

Back 74

ionic bond

Front 75

Which of the following statements best describes the molecule CCl4?

Back 75

It is a non-polar molecule with polar bonds.

Front 76

The reaction HCl+NaOH->H2O+NaCl is an example of a

Back 76

neutralization reaction

Front 77

Select the arrangement of bonds in order of least polar to most polar

Back 77

C-C, C-H, C-Cl, C-F

Front 78

Which of the following compounds has an isomer?

Back 78

CH3CH2CH2CH3

Front 79

Chlorine has the highest oxidation state in which of these compounds?

Back 79

HClO4

Front 80

Of the following comounds, which one reacts the most vigorously with water?

Back 80

Na

Front 81

The bond that contains the most energy is

Back 81

N = N
-

Front 82

In the reaction (91)

Back 82

Zn is oxidized and Cu is reduced

Front 83

The oxidation number of chromium in (92)

Back 83

6

Front 84

The two strands of DNA in the double helix are held together by

Back 84

hydrogen bonds

Front 85

Of the following compounds and elements, which one reacts most vigorously with water?

Back 85

K

Front 86

Which are the gaseous planets?

Back 86

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus

Front 87

Which planet has the most elliptical orbit about the sun

Back 87

pluto

Front 88

The length of a planets day is determined by

Back 88

how fast it rotates about its axis

Front 89

Which two planets do not have any moons

Back 89

Mercury and Venus

Front 90

The elements in the universe have been created from ______ by ________.

Back 90

hydrogen and helium, stars

Front 91

Which of the following terms describes as a frozen mass of gas and dust with a definite orbit through the solar system?

Back 91

A comet

Front 92

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding black holes?

Back 92

Light escapes at the other end

Front 93

The reaction that occurs in the suns core is

Back 93

(102)

Front 94

Which of the following colors of light has the shortest wavelength?

Back 94

violet

Front 95

Waves have an associated frequency and wavelength. The product of the wavelength and frequency is equal to a constant. The relationship between wavelength and frequency is best described as

Back 95

inverse

Front 96

As a train approaches a railway station, the people waiting will hear the squel of the train tracks before they here the train. The reason for this is

Back 96

the speed of sound in steel is greater then the speed of sound in air

Front 97

When a magnet is cut in half, all of the following are true except

Back 97

There is only one magnetic pole

Front 98

The sky appears blue because

Back 98

the particles in the atmosphere scatter the shorter wavelengths of light to a larger degree

Front 99

Most of the earth's oxygen is produced by

Back 99

tropical rain forest

Front 100

Almost all of the earth's weather occurs in the

Back 100

troposphere

Front 101

The most abundant component of the earth's atmosphere is

Back 101

nitrogen

Front 102

The burning of fossil fuels is thought to increase the possibility of global warming. When fossil fuels undergo a combustion reaction the by products are carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide contributes to the greenhouse effect by which of the following mechanisms?

Back 102

Carbon dioxide absorbs infrared wavelengths and allows other wavelengths to excape.

Front 103

Which of the following phenomena is NOT caused by the movement of the plates on the earth's upper mantle?

Back 103

Erosion

Front 104

Two hundred and fifty million years ago, which of the following continets existed?

Back 104

Pangea

Front 105

The earth is not a sphere, rather it is an ellipsoid; it is flatter at teh poles and buldes at teh equator. This is a result of

Back 105

centripetal forces resulting from the earth rotation about its axis

Front 106

The earth's early atmosphere is thought to have been composed of mostly carbon dioxide with less then a percent of molecular oxygen present. Life first evolved in this atmosphere. Where did the molecular oxygen in Earth's atmosphere come from?

Back 106

Photosynthesis

Front 107

Depletion of the ozone layer is of concern beacuse ozone

Back 107

absorbs 99% of ultraviolet radiation emitted by the sun

Front 108

The thin layer which floats on top of the earth's mantle is the

Back 108

crust

Front 109

The movement of two tectonic plates away from each other results in

Back 109

formation of new oceanic crust

Front 110

Bio-organic farmers add compost to the soil to replace lost nutrients. This practice is superior to the use of chemical fertilizers because

Back 110

there is less leaching of nutrients from the soil into the ground water

Front 111

Which of the following materials is formed by the solidification of magma?

Back 111

Igneous rock