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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Natural resources |
Natural resource is any biotic or abiotic component of nature that can be used by human beings in order to meet their requirements. |
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Lithosphere |
The outer solid crust of earth also called land. |
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Hydrosphere |
Water cover 75% of the Earth surface. All the water found on under and over the surface of the earth crust comprises the hydrosphere. |
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Atmosphere |
The air that covers the whole Earth like a blanket is called the atmosphere. The atmosphere extends upto a height of 500 kilometre and the gravity of earth holds it in place. |
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Biosphere |
the life supporting zone of the earth where the atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere interact is called biosphere. the biosphere consists of two components biotic and abiotic. |
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The ultimate source of energy |
the ultimate source of energy for all life forms is the sun. Growing plants convert solar energy into chemical energy to manufacture their own food by the process of photosynthesis which in turn may provide nutrition to animals and microorganisms directly or indirectly |
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Inexhaustible resources |
Natural resources which occur in such abundance that they are not likely to get exhausted by continued use |
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Exhaustible resources |
The natural resources with limited availability that are likely to get exhausted by continued indiscriminate human use. Exhaustible resources are of two kinds renewable and nonrenewable. |
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Renewable resources |
exhaustible resources which get replenished regularly.renewable resources can last forever if they are not use beyond their renewability. Example forest wildlife soil |
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Non renewable resources |
They are exhaustible resources which are not replenished. Example fossil fuels, minerals |
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Amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus and Mars |
95-97% |
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Amount of nitrogen |
78.08% |
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Amount of oxygen |
20.94% |
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Amount of carbon dioxide |
0.03% |
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Amount of argon |
0.93% |
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Amount of other substances in the air |
0.02% |
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How is carbon dioxide produced in Earth's atmosphere |
Respiration of cells as we need oxygen to break down glucose molecules and get an energy for the activities, resulting in the production of carbon dioxide Combustion due to human activities Combustion due to natural activities like forest fires volcanoes, etc |
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How is carbon dioxide consumed in the atmosphere |
Green plants convert carbon dioxide into glucose in the presence of sunlight some Marine animals used carbonate salt in seawater to make their shells. These shells act as a protective armour. |
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Why is the temperature range on the moon so drastic |
the moon even though it is at the same distance from the sun and the earth has no atmosphere due to its temperature ranges from -190°c to 110°c |
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What is the role of the atmosphere in climate control |
the atmosphere which surrounds the earth's Axis a blanket and controls is climate by retaining the heat. There is a bad conductor of heat hence it prevents sudden increase in temperature during the day and during the nightit slows down the escape of heat in outer space full steps does the atmosphere maintains the average temperature of the earth fairly steady during the day and even during the course of the whole year |
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What factors affect formation of winds |
Heating of air formation of water vapour |
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How does heating of air affect wind formation |
Heating of air occurs by direct insolation and re radiation of infrared radiations from hot land. It produces convection currents. The warm air rises up and produces a low-pressure region. Now at from high pressure region moves towards the low-pressure region, resulting in winds. |
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What is formation of water vapour effect winds |
water vapour is produced by heating of water bodies transpiration by plants perspiration by animals and evaporation from moist surfaces. These water vapours rise upward and contents to cause rain. Condensation of water vapour liberates a lot of energy which may cause cyclones and thunderstorms. |
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What are the factors that affect movement of air |
Uneven heating of land Differences in the heating and cooling of water bodies and land masses Extent of vaporization and condensation of water vapour Rotation of the earth Presence of mountain ranges Topography over which the wind passes |
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Which winds bring the most rainfall in India |
Southwest monsoon and north east monsoon winds |
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Pollution |
pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse changes in its physical, chemical and biological properties. |
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Acid rain |
gases such as Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide a released in the atmosphere by automobiles and industries. These gases react with water vapours present in the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid and nitric acid. The acid then fall down on earth along with rain water. This is referred to as acid rain. |
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Visible indication of air pollution |
Smog |
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Air pollution and air pollutants |
air pollution refers to the addition of air pollutants such as particulate matter gases and water vapours into the atmosphere that have an adverse effect on humans and animals vegetation and human acids. The substances, chemicals are factors which cause air pollution are called air pollutants. |
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Suspended particulate matter |
the combustion of fossil fuels also increases the amount of suspended particles in the air. The suspended particles could be on one carbon particles are hydrocarbons. These particulate air pollutants are referred to as suspended particulate matter as they remain suspended in the air for a long period of time will stop the effects of air pollutants differ, ranging from irritation in the throat cancer and heart disease. |
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Harmful effects of acid rain |
It harms not only plants and animals but also causes corrosion and fitting of marble and limestone structures. Can cause change of PH level in soil |
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Harmful effects of smog |
smoke causes breathing problems like as mccormick of allergies cause wheezing and heart diseases except it also causes decrease visibility in winter season, which may result in frequent accidents. |
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Lichens as bioindicators |
lichens are the symbiotic association between an alcohol and a fungus that occurs on rocks and rebates as thin greenish aur Paresh cross in humid climates. They are very sensitive to the levels of contaminants in a particular Sulphur dioxide. As the level of Sulphur dioxide in air increases lichens are not able to go and then number decreases. It has been observed that like in have disappeared in industrial and urban areas due to high levels of air pollution where as enormous growth of lichens has been observed at some distance away from these highly polluted areas where there is low levels of air pollution |
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Necessity of water |
Most of the living matter is formed of water Water is a universal solvent with the chemicals found in the living world All cellular processes like metabolism occur in a water medium Water helps in maintaining the turgidity of cells Substances are transported from one part of the body of living beings to another in dissolved form What helps in maintaining body temperature. |
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Relationship between water availability and abundance of life |
it is a fact that amount of water available in any area not only decides the number of individuals are which species of plants and animals but it also decides the species diversity in a particular area. What is not only the soul factor that decides the sustainability of life in a region fullstuff other factors like temperature common nature of soil helps in determiningthe number of species, the type of species and the population are which species residing in a particular area. |
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Where in India can maximum and minimum biodiversity being seen |
in India maximum biodiversity occurs in Western ghats and northeast India, both blessed with high rainfall, whereas least biodiversity occurs in parts of Rajasthan, having less rainfall. The cold desert regions of Ladakh and Spiti are also examples of least vegetation and fauna |
