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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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epigenetic
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physical and social environment can cause changes in gene expression independent of the DNA itself
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polygenic transmission
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term for the instance when a # of gene pairs combine their influences to create a single phenotypic trait
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genetic manipulation
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process of transplanting genes from one species into another species
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strategic pluralism
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evol. concept that states that multiple or contradictory behavioral strategies might be adaptive in certain environments & therefore would be maintained thru natural selection
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plato
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abstract world, ideal forms (R.I.D.D.)
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aristotle
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mental represntation of physical objects, tabula rasa, (E.I&E.I.D.)
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Socrates
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universal truths, nativist, discursive method of inquiry, examples dont equal definitions
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galileo
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humans inferior to and part of the natural world; defends copernicus' heliocentric model after finding 4 moons of jupiter; contradicts aristotles ideas on falling bodies; celestial realm is imperfect and not immutable; mechanical laws of universal properly understood, apply equally well to terrestrial realm
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scientific laws
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(galileo) general statements by which to understand and study particulars, including apparent exceptions
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rene descartes
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rationalist self consciousness free will AND reflexes- cant study mind- nativist; decides some human behavior and all animal is mechanical
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john locke
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empiricist; not a nativist- tabula rasa; can study mind scientifically; empiricist, weak dualist, associationalist
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Charles Darwin
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common ancestor; continuity of species
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natural selection
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variation of traits+ differential reproduction+heredity of traits
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Francis Galton
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individual diff, heritable traits, stats, eugenist
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Wilhelm Wundt
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experimental psych; functionalist; mind is lawful measurable- wide range of ways to measure
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edward titchener
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structuralist; mind is lawful, measurable thru introspection
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functionalism
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psych should study the functions of consciousness rather than its elements
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structuralist
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analysis of mind in terms of its basic elements
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psychoanalytic
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searches for the causes of behavior w/in the inner workings of our personality emphasizing role of unconscious processes
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behaviorist
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focuses on role of external environment in governing our actions (pavolv- dogs; BF skinner mice)
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radical behaviorism
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thru social engineering society could harness the power of the environment to change behavior in beneficial ways
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gestalt
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how the mind organizes elements of experience into a unified or whole perception
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middle ages
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physical world devalued; RCC controls many aspects of life; inquisition 1233; books are rare, few can read
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scholastics
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monks who reconciled Aristotles science with holy scripture
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human nature pre renaissance
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free will- not products of environment; actions intentional and deliberate
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renaissance
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heightened academic curiosity; focus on humans bc of crises within RCC, scandals, corruption etc; italian univ move away from scholastics and teach humanism
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themes of humanists
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individualism; personal religion; intense interest in past; anti aristotlelianism
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Huntingtons disease
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genetic targets the brain - damages dna in brain cells and causes brain cells to die; all of us carry gene for huntingtons; highly heritable; only ppl with specific mutation get it; risk of getting 1/1000, if parent has- .50; affects all races, sexes; mid life onset; impaired movement, mood speech and memory; no cure; CAG repeats (cytosine adenine guanine) 37-80 or so; symptoms become more severe in subsequent generations; fragile x (sex linked); muscular dystrophy (sex linked)
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behavioral genetics
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- study on the interaction of heredity and environment on psychological characteristics
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concordance rate
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trait similarity between 2 related ppl; height abt .90, attitudes -environment is more imp then genetics
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2 ways environment shapes behavior
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1. species adaptation: influence from environment and problem solving based on laws applying to all organisms
2. personal adaptation: our interactions w/ current and past environments allow us to solve problems effectively |
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williams syndrome
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1 in 25k; ppl are very friendly, socially astute; not good at math spatial relations etc; do poorly on IQ tests as result; linguistically, musically gifted often; spend more neuro resources to processing, remembering and interacting with faces
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