Natural Disasters Midterm 1

Front 1

-One plate is oceanic, one is continental (Volcanic arcs)
-Both plates are continental crust (Mountains)
-Both plates can contain ocean crust. (Island arcs)

Back 1

Convergent Plate Boundaries

Front 2

-Correspond with Mid-Oceanic Ridge
-Hot mantle plume

Back 2

Divergent Plate Boundaries

Front 3

-Cold areas are of high density so they descend downward
-hot areas are of low density so they ascend upwards
-Has nothing to do with continental drift
-Sea floor spreading

Back 3

Harry Hess

Front 4

"Earth's magnetic north is wandering around"

Back 4

Keith Runcorn

Front 5

-1950's
-Negative end of the magnetic arrow on a compass always point to magnetic north of the earth
-Magnetite can magnetize a rock
-Curie Point

Back 5

Rock Magnetism

Front 6

The point at which magnetite crystals become magnetized

Back 6

Curie point

Front 7

-Came up with convection, but was no way to prove it

Back 7

Arthur Holmes

Front 8

A driving force of the mantle under the plates in the asthenosphere

Back 8

Convection

Front 9

-Two plates that are sliding past one another and oceanic crust is neither created nor destroyed

Back 9

Transform Boundaries

Front 10

-Swiss scientist
-Wrote "Theory of the Earth"
-Idea of continental drift
-Fossil Evidence
-Evidence from ancient climates
-Correlation of rock structures

Back 10

Alfred Wegner

Front 11

Most common mineral on earth

Back 11

Feldspar

Front 12

Second most common mineral on earth

Back 12

Quartz

Front 13

-Along with containing oxygen and silicon, also contain iron on magnesium
-Dark in color and heavy

Back 13

Ferro-magnesium Minerals

Front 14

-Light in color and weight

Back 14

Nonferro-magnesium Minerals

Front 15

-Igneous
-Sedimentary
-Metamorphic

Back 15

Main rock types

Front 16

-Form from the cooling and crystallization of magma

Back 16

Igneous rocks

Front 17

-Forms from the break down of other rocks into sediment and then the hardening of that sediment into rock

Back 17

Sedimentary rocks

Front 18

-Produces when you subject other rocks to high amounts of pressure and heat changing the rock

Back 18

Metamorphic rocks

Front 19

Giving a relative age to a rock or event compared to another rock or event

Back 19

Relative dating

Front 20

-The greater the mass, the greater the gravitational attraction
-All materials and chunks inside the earth succumbs to its own gravitational pull
-Results in the build up of heat energy within the earth's interior

Back 20

Gravitational Energy

Front 21

-Decay process results in the production of heat energy as unstable elements decay: becomes store in earth's interior

Back 21

Radioactive energy/radioactivity

Front 22

Largely composed of solid iron

Back 22

Inner Core

Front 23

Molten iron

Back 23

Outer core

Front 24

Relatively dense rock

Back 24

Mantle

Front 25

Low density rock

Back 25

Crust

Front 26

-Energy that exists on the surface of the earth

Back 26

External Energy

Front 27

• Earthquakes and Volcanism (volcanic eruptions)
• Drive the mechanism of plate tectonics that cause natural disasters
• Landslides (because of gravity which is caused by the mass of the earth)
• Impacts
• Tsunami
• Fires

Back 27

Internal Energy Drives

Front 28

-Drought
-Severe weather(hurricanes)
-Solar flares
-Climate change/global warming

Back 28

External energy drives

Front 29

To be a Mineral something must be:

Back 29

-Naturally occuring (not made by humans
-Inorganic (no life forms involved with its formation)
-Solid
-Specific chemical composition
-Must have an order internal arrangement of atoms

Front 30

An icy chunk

Back 30

Comet

Front 31

-Decay process results in the production of heat energy as unstable elements decay: becomes store in earth's interior

Back 31

Radioactive energy/radioactivity

Front 32

Largely composed of solid iron

Back 32

Inner Core

Front 33

Molten iron

Back 33

Outer core

Front 34

Relatively dense rock

Back 34

Mantle

Front 35

Low density rock

Back 35

Crust

Front 36

-Energy that exists on the surface of the earth

Back 36

External Energy

Front 37

• Earthquakes and Volcanism (volcanic eruptions)
• Drive the mechanism of plate tectonics that cause natural disasters
• Landslides (because of gravity which is caused by the mass of the earth)
• Impacts
• Tsunami
• Fires

Back 37

Internal Energy Drives

Front 38

-Drought
-Severe weather(hurricanes)
-Solar flares
-Climate change/global warming

Back 38

External energy drives

Front 39

To be a Mineral something must be:

Back 39

-Naturally occuring (not made by humans
-Inorganic (no life forms involved with its formation)
-Solid
-Specific chemical composition
-Must have an order internal arrangement of atoms

Front 40

An icy chunk

Back 40

Comet

Front 41

Metallic chunks

Back 41

Iron meteorite

Front 42

Rocky Chunks

Back 42

Stony meteorite

Front 43

-Refers to the impact on the earth by extraterrestrial bodies
-Heat energy that can be stored in the earth's interior that can later be used to drive natural disasters

Back 43

Impact Energy

Front 44

-Focused on study of ingredients of the early atmosphere and put them in a jar + electricity
-Created amino acids in the jar
-Showed the first steps of the building blocks of life

Back 44

Stanley Miller (1953)

Front 45

-"explosion of life" occurred
-Life forms began to proliferate at a rapid rate into multicellular organisms that have continued to evolve

Back 45

544 Million Years ago

Front 46

How Long has life been on earth?

Back 46

3.8 Billion years ago nigga!!!!!

Front 47

What are the ages of the oceans?

Back 47

3.9 billon years dipshit

Front 48

Were oceans always salty?

Back 48

FUCK NO!! originally fresh, salt had accumulated over periods of time

Front 49

Age of the Earth?

Back 49

4.6 billion years bitch

Front 50

Nebular contraction?

Back 50

5 billions years asshole

Front 51

Age of Milky way galaxy?

Back 51

7 billion years cocksucker

Front 52

age of "Big Bang Theory"

Back 52

13.7 billion years... kaley cuoco