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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diaphysis
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The shaft of a long bone
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Epiphysis
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Wide ends of a long bone
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Compact Bone
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Hard bone beneath periosteum mainly found in shaft
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Spongy Bone
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Type of bone that is light and has pores found near joints
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Red Marrow
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Bone marrow of children and some adult bones
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Yellow Marrow
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Bone marrow that is yellow with fat
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How are bones like checking accounts?
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-Extra Ca = deposit of calcium from blood into bones
-Need Ca = withdrawal of calcium from the bones into blood |
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What are some uses of calcium in the body?
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1. Bone strength
2. Muscle contraction 3. Neurotransmitter release 4. Blood clotting |
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What are some uses of Magnesium in the body?
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1. Relaxes muscle
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Osteoblast
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-Secretes gel like matrix ( which minerals bind to it)
-Use calcitonin to take Ca2+ from blood and deposits it into the bone. |
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Osteoclast
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-Breaks down the bone
-Use PTH ( parathyroid hormone) to take Ca2+ from the bone and deposits it into the blood. |
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Osteocyte
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-A mature bone cell ( osteoblast that is frozen in the matrix)
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What are some major ways bone density could decline? (7)
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1. Lack of Ca2+
2. Excess PTH 3. Lack of sun exposure 4. Deficiency of calcitonin 5. Stress & tissue acidity 6. Lack of weight bearing exercise 7. Lack of estrogen |
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What are the functions of the skeleton?
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-Support
-Protection -Movement -Blood and Immune function -Electrolyte Balance: bones store and release calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. |
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What is the difference between Intramembranous Ossification and Endochondral Ossification?
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-Intramembranous ossification produces flat bones found in clavicle and skull.
-Endochondral ossification the rest of the bones in the body. |
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What is interstitial growth?
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Involves adding matrix to the interior of the bone.
Causes elongation |
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What is appositional growth?
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Involves adding matrix to the surface of the bone.
Causes widening of the bones |
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What is mineral deposition?
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When calcium and phosphorus bind to the surface of the bone.
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What is mineral resorption?
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The process of dissolving bone calcium and phosphorus into the blood.
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