Nasm Vocabulary Section 1

Front 1

Muscle imbalance

Back 1

Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint.

Front 2

Obesity

Back 2

A person with a BMI of 30 or greater, or is at least 30 lbs. over the recommended weight for their height.

Front 3

Overweight

Back 3

A person with a BMI of 25 - 29.9, or is between 25-30 lbs. over the recommended weight for their height.

Front 4

Blood lipids

Back 4

Also known as cholesterol and triglycerides, are carried in the bloodstream by protein molecules known as high-density lipoproteins (HDL), or "good cholesterol," and low-density lipoproteins, or "bad cholesterol."

Front 5

Diabetes mellitus

Back 5

Chronic metabolic disorders caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances usage of fats and proteins.

Front 6

Deconditioned

Back 6

A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility, and a lack of core and joint stability.

Front 7

Proprioception

Back 7

The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb movement.

Front 8

Proprioceptively enriched environment

Back 8

An unstable (yet controllable) physical situation in which exercises are performed that causes the body to use it's internal balance and stabilization mechanisms.

Front 9

Phases of training

Back 9

Smaller divisions of training progressions that fall within the three building blocks of training.

Front 10

Muscular endurance

Back 10

A muscle's ability to contract for an extended period.

Front 11

Neuromuscular efficiency

Back 11

The ability of the neuromuscular system to enable all muscle's to efficiently work together in all planes of motion.

Front 12

Prime mover

Back 12

The muscle that acts as the initial and main source of motive power.

Front 13

Superset

Back 13

Set of 2 exercises that are performed back-to-back, without any rest time between them.

Front 14

Rate of force production

Back 14

Ability of muscle's to exert maximal force output in a minimal amount of time.

Front 15

Human movement system

Back 15

The combination and interrelation of the nervous, muscular, and skeletal systems.

Front 16

Nervous system

Back 16

Is one of the main organ systems of the body and consists of a network of specialized cells called neurons that transmit and coordinate signals, providing a communication network within the human body; a conglomeration of billions of cells specifically designed to provide a communication network within the human body.

Front 17

Sensory function

Back 17

The ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external environment.

Front 18

Integrative function

Back 18

The ability of the nervous system to analyze and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making, which produces the appropriate answer.

Front 19

Motor function

Back 19

The neuromuscular response to the sensory information.

Front 20

Neuron

Back 20

The functional unit of the nervous system.

Front 21

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Back 21

Transmit nerve impulses from effector sites ( such as muscles and organs) via receptors to the brain and spinal cord.

Front 22

Interneurons

Back 22

Transmit nerve impulses from one neuron to another.

Front 23

Motor (efferent) neurons

Back 23

Transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the effector sites.

Front 24

Central nervous system

Back 24

The portion of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Front 25

Peripheral nervous system

Back 25

Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body.

Front 26

Mechanoreceptors

Back 26

Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues.

Front 27

Muscle spindles

Back 27

Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change.

Front 28

Golgi tendon organs

Back 28

Receptors sensitive to change in tension of the muscle and the rate of that change.

Front 29

Joint receptors

Back 29

Receptors surrounding a joint that respond to pressure, acceleration, deceleration of the joint.

Front 30

Skeletal system

Back 30

The body's framework, composed of bones and joints.

Front 31

Bones

Back 31

Provide a resting ground for muscles and protection of vital organs.

Front 32

Joints

Back 32

Junctions of bones, muscles, and connective tissue at which movement occurs; Also known as an articulation.

Front 33

Remodeling

Back 33

The process of resorption and formation of bone.

Front 34

Osteoclasts

Back 34

A type of bone cell that removes old bone tissue.

Front 35

Osteoblasts

Back 35

A type of cell that is responsible for bone formation.