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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cardiorespiratory system
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a system of the body composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
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cardiovascular system
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a system of the body composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels
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heart
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a hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction
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mediastinum
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the space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest except the lungs
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sinoatrial (SA) node
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a specialized area of cardiac tissue, located in the right atrium of the heart, which initiates the electrical impulses that determine the heart rate; often termed the pacemaker for the heart
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atrioventricular (AV) node
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a small mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart that receives heartbeat impulses from the sinoatrial node and directs them to the walls of the ventricles
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atrium
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the superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles
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ventricles
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the inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding atrium and, in turn, forces blood into the arteries
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stroke volume
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the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction
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heart rate (HR)
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the rate at which the heart pumps
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cardiac output (Q, with swiggley on top)
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heart rate x stroke volume, the overall performance of the heart
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blood
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fluid that circulated in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins, carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body, and also rids the body of waste products
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blood vessels
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network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body
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arteries
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vessels that transport blood away from the heart
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capillaries
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the smallest blood vessels, and the site of exchange of chemicals and water between the blood and the tissues
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veins
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vessels that transport blood from the capillaries toward the heart
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arterioles
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small terminal branches of an artery, which end in capillaries
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venules
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the very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins
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respiratory system
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a system of organs (the lungs and respiratory passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream
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respiratory pump
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is composed of skeletal structures (bones) and soft tissues (muscles) that work together to allow proper respiratory mechanics to occur and help pump blood back to the heart during inspiration
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inspiration
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the process of actively contracting the inspiratory muscles to into move air into the body
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expiration
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the process of actively or passively relaxing the inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body
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diffusion
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the process of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body
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maximum oxygen consumption (VO2MAX)
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the highest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion
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