Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
228 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Narcotic analgesics |
Dilaudid, oxycodone, opium, Vicodin, codeine, morphine, heroin |
|
|
Cannabis |
Hash, hash oil, marijuana, Marinol, spice |
|
|
|
CNS depressants |
Soma, ETOH, Xanax Quaalude Valium, kava root, chloral hydrate |
|
|
|
Dissociative anesthetics |
PCP ketamine DXM |
|
|
|
Hallucinogen |
Ecstasy , LSD, psilocybin peyote |
|
|
|
CNS stimulants |
Desoxyn, Adderall, Ritalin, meth, ephedrine, ,cocaine |
|
|
|
Inhalants |
Aerosols, ether, amyl nitrate, glue nitrous oxide, solvents,paints,gasoline |
|
|
|
Pupil size for person under influence heroin in room light |
1.0 millimeters to 2.5 millimeters |
|
|
|
Reddening of the conjunctiva is observed with what drug use |
Marijuana |
|
|
|
Active ingredient in cannabis |
Delta-9 THC |
|
|
|
Subcategory of inhalants causing below normal pulse rate |
No subcategory all inhalants Elevate pulse |
|
|
|
Effects on eyes for person inhaling amyl nitrate |
Constricted pupils |
|
|
|
Fentanyl produces signs symptoms from what drug category |
Narcotic analgesics |
|
|
|
Drug category for Demerol |
Narcotic analgesics |
|
|
|
Chemical for heroin |
Diacetyl morphine |
|
|
|
Pupil size for diazepam |
Average |
|
|
|
Abnormal rapid heart rate |
Tachycardia |
|
|
|
Sympathomimetic drug stimulants |
Parasympathetic nervous system |
|
|
|
Afferent nerves also known as |
Sensory |
|
|
|
HGN observed under influence of a type of disassociate anesthetic drug |
PCP |
|
|
|
Average of blood pressure |
120 - 140/ 70 - 90 |
|
|
|
Chloral hydrate is |
CNS depressant |
|
|
|
Time for one leg stand |
30 seconds |
|
|
|
Pulse rate for someone under influence hallucinogen |
Elevated |
|
|
|
Example of hallucinogen |
LSD |
|
|
|
Drug category of secobarbital |
CNS depressant |
|
|
|
Pupil size for under influence hallucinogen |
Dilated |
|
|
|
Example of synthetic narcotic analgesic |
Demerol |
|
|
|
Synesthesia commonly associated with |
Hallucinogen |
|
|
|
PCP observable effects last |
4 to 6 hours |
|
|
|
Synthetic analgesic |
Demerol |
|
|
|
Impaired person who is tolerant of specific drug |
Clinical signs of impairment |
|
|
|
What CNS drug likely to cause pupils to dilate |
Meth |
|
|
|
subject who is under the influence of cannabis body temp will be |
Average range |
|
|
|
Inhalants that last several hours |
Gasoline |
|
|
|
Metabolite of THC |
Carboxy-thc |
|
|
|
Xanax is from what drug category |
CNS depressants |
|
|
|
Requirement to be certified as a DRE |
Prepare and submit and improve vitae |
|
|
|
Drug is a narcotic analgesic |
Demerol |
|
|
|
Time that marijuana will reach Peak and continue |
10 to 30 minutes Peak two to three hours continue |
|
|
|
DRE trial witch prosecution and defense question education training and experience |
Voir dire |
|
|
|
Drugstore heroin is |
Dilaudid |
|
|
|
What onset angle corresponds to 0.20 BAC |
30 degrees |
|
|
|
Volatile substance |
Toluene |
|
|
|
Gap between 2 neurons |
Synapsis |
|
|
|
Pupil reaction with subject under influence of CNS stimulant |
Slow |
|
|
|
Two CNS depressants which cause pupils to dilate |
Quaaludes and Soma |
|
|
|
Street name for methamphetamine |
Crank |
|
|
|
Anti-anxiety tranquilizers are sometimes called |
Minor tranquilizers |
|
|
|
Instrument to measure blood pressure |
Sphygmomanometer |
|
|
|
Drug category that causes pupils to constrict |
Narcotic analgesics |
|
|
|
Pupil size of someone under the influence of Diazepam will have |
Average pupil size |
|
|
|
First step of Dre 12-step process is? |
Breath test |
|
|
|
What drugs cause lack of convergence |
CNS depressants inhalants cannabis disassociative anesthetics |
Four of them |
|
|
Ketamine produces what type of eye symptom? |
Nystagmus |
|
|
|
What is not a drug with DRE |
Nicotine |
|
|
|
Methaqualone effect eyes how |
Dilates pupils |
|
|
|
Estimated time in modified romberg |
30 seconds |
|
|
|
Xanax (depressant) is an example of what type of tranquilizer |
Anti-anxiety tranquilizer |
|
|
|
Demerol is in what drug category |
Narcotic analgesic |
|
|
|
Pupil size in room light |
2.5-5.0 |
|
|
|
Validated clues for walk-and-turn |
8 |
BS SO WHAT |
|
|
Validated clues for Romberg balance |
None |
|
|
|
Drug category for Ritalin |
CNS stimulant |
|
|
|
Which will cause HGN |
Valium |
|
|
|
Under the influence of PCP and cocaine with HGN is an example of what type of effect |
Overlapping effect |
|
|
|
Term for constricted pupils |
Miosis |
|
|
|
A drug is any substance that when taken into the human body can impair |
The ability of the person to operate a vehicle safely |
|
|
|
The DRE laboratory validation study was done where |
John Hopkins University |
|
|
|
Ingesting drugs from two or more drug categories is called |
Polydrug use |
|
|
|
2013 through 2014 National roadside survey of alcohol and drug use by drivers study approximately percent of drivers test positive for at least one drug |
20% |
|
|
|
In the Los Angeles field validation study what percentage of subjects were found to have more than one drug in their system |
70% |
|
|
|
Which of the following was the most detected drug in the LAPD DRE field study |
PCP |
|
|
|
Afferent nerves are also known as the |
Sensory nerves |
|
|
|
What is the artery used in the measurement of blood pressure |
Brachial |
|
|
|
Which of the following would most likely be referred to as a speedball |
Cocaine and heroin |
|
|
|
What was the landmark Arizona state supreme court case that established the admissibility of HGN |
State vs Blake |
|
|
|
DRE sequence for FST |
Romberg balance, walk and turn, one leg stand, and finger to nose |
|
|
|
How many systematic and standardized steps in a complete DRE evaluation |
12 |
|
|
|
The diameters of the pupillometer's circles /semi-circles are indicated in |
Millimeters |
|
|
|
The technical term for abnormally large or dilated pupil is |
Mydriasis |
|
|
|
nystagmus is defined as |
Involuntary jerking of the eyes |
|
|
|
what formula expresses the approximate statistical relationship between blood alcohol concentration and nystagmus onset |
BAC=50-angle of onset |
|
|
|
Sympathomimetic drugs artificially cause the transmission of messages that produce. blood pressure and pulse rate |
Elevated |
|
|
|
The pulmonary artery is unique because it is the only artery that |
Carries blood depleted of oxygen |
|
|
|
The technical term for an abnormally rapid heart rate is |
Tachycardia |
|
|
|
Which of the following is not a component of the sphygmomanometer |
Diaphragm |
|
|
|
The autonomic nervous sub-system has sympathetic nerves and |
Parasympathetic |
|
|
|
A subject that is under the combined influence of PCP and cocaine with HGN is an example of what effect |
Overlapping effect |
|
|
|
Which one of the following drugs usually causes HGN |
Valium |
|
|
|
Amphetamines produce the same effect as cocaine with the exception of |
Anesthesia |
|
|
|
Demerol is an example of |
Synthetic narcotic analgesic |
|
|
|
The lower number in a blood pressure measurement is called |
Diastolic |
|
|
|
DXM is from what drug category |
Dissociative anesthetic |
|
|
|
A subject under the influence of PCP and marijuana with a pulse rate of 102 bpm is an example of |
Additive effect |
|
|
|
What sub category of narcotic analgesics normally cause an elevated body temperature |
No narcotic analgesics cause elevated body temperature |
|
|
|
DRE average range of adult pulse rate is |
60 to 90 beats per minute |
|
|
|
Which is the following is not a validated clue for the one-leg stand test |
Failing to count out loud |
|
|
|
What are the seven DRE drug categories |
CNS depressants, CNS stimulants, hallucinogens, dissociative anesthetics, narcotic analgesics, inhalants, cannabis |
|
|
|
What is the term drug |
Any substance when taken into the human body impairs a person's ability to operate a vehicle safely |
|
|
|
What two DRE categories usually cause a lowering of the pulse rate and blood pressure |
CNS depressants and narcotic analgesics |
|
|
|
What DRE categories cause LOC |
CNS depressants inhalants dissociative anesthetics cannabis |
|
|
|
What DRE categories cause horizontal gaze nystagmus |
Depressants inhalants dissociative anesthetics |
|
|
|
What is the higher blood pressure measurement called |
Systolic |
|
|
|
The DRE average range of pupil size in room light is 2.5 millimeters to |
5.0 millimeters |
|
|
|
What is the name of the pulse Point located in the crease of the wrist |
Radial |
|
|
|
Which of the following DRE drug category is usually slow the reaction of the pupils to light |
CNS stimulants |
|
|
|
How many validated clues for finger to nose |
None |
|
|
|
Chloral hydrate is a drug belonging to which drug category |
CNS depressants |
|
|
|
The average range for the higher value of blood pressure is |
120 to 140 |
|
|
|
Alcohol is consumed through the stomach into which organ where it passes quickly into the blood |
Small intestines |
|
|
|
Average adult pulse rate |
60 to 90 |
|
|
|
Where in the body is most alcohol metabolized |
Liver |
|
|
|
What is not part of a DRE drug influence evaluation |
Finger count |
|
|
|
Range for diastolic blood pressure |
70 - 90 |
|
|
|
What drug does not increase pulse rate |
Heroin |
|
|
|
Bruxism is associated with what drug |
CNS stimulants |
|
|
|
The drug category that causes the pupils of the eyes to constrict |
Narcotic analgesics |
|
|
|
How many validated clues for the one-leg stand test |
4 |
|
|
|
What is a common form of |
Methanol |
|
|
|
Physiology |
The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts |
|
|
|
10 systems of human physiology MURDERS INC |
Muscular, urinary, respiratory, digestive,endocrine,reproductive, skeletal, integumentary, nervous, circulatory |
|
|
|
What is homeostasis |
Any self-regulating process by which a biological or mechanical system maintain stability while adjusting to changing conditions |
|
|
|
What does CNS depressants do to the body |
Slow down the operation of the central nervous system |
|
|
|
Which drug category causes the nervous system to send stranger false signals to the brain |
Hallucinogens |
|
|
|
What is the mixing of the senses |
Synesthesia |
|
|
|
What is analgesic |
Pain reliever |
|
|
|
Cocaine and heroin is called |
Speedball |
|
|
|
Heroin and amphetamine is called |
Poor Man's speedball |
|
|
|
Heroin and PCP is called |
Fireball |
|
|
|
Crack cocaine and PCP is called |
Space base |
|
|
|
Crack cocaine and marijuana is called |
Primo |
|
|
|
Crack and methamphetamine is called |
Croak |
|
|
|
What percent of drivers tested positive for at least one drug in 2007 |
20% tested positive for at least one drug |
|
|
|
What's the purpose of the DRE process |
Establishes the subject impairment, rules out medical impairment, and determine the category of drugs involved |
|
|
|
What two ways did NHTSA assist LAPD in a two-phase validation study |
The laboratory validation at John Hopkins and field validation |
|
|
|
What is the Frye standard |
The traditional test for admissibility of new scientific evidence |
|
|
|
What is the daubert standard |
Shows reliability before scientific evidence can be admitted |
|
|
|
What are the reasons for standardized procedures |
1) Articulate suspicion of drug influence 2) subject may refuse testing 3) identify psychoactive impairment 3) reduce test costs 4) identify need for medical intervention |
|
|
|
What categories of drugs were included in the John Hopkins laboratory study |
CNS depressants and CNS stimulants |
|
|
|
What percentage of cases in the Los Angeles field validation study did blood test confirm the DRE opinion that PCP was present |
92% |
|
|
|
What percentage of blood test in the LAPD field validation study confirm the presence of at least one drug category predicted by the DRE |
21% |
|
|
|
What are three reasons for conducting drug evaluation and classification evaluations |
Ensure no mistakes are made, no examination is left out, and help secure Acceptance in court |
|
|
|
What are the 12 components of the drug evaluation process |
1)Breath test 2) interview of arresting officer 3) preliminary examination 4)examination of the eyes 5) divided attention test 6)vital signs 7) darkroom exam 8)muscle tone 9)check injection sites 10) subject statements and other observations 11) opinion of officer 12) toxicological |
|
|
|
How many times is pulse rate measured during the drug influence evaluation |
3 |
|
|
|
What are the diameters of a pupillometer's circles/ semi circles |
Millimeters |
|
|
|
What formula expresses the approximate statistical relationship between blood alcohol concentration and nystagmus onset |
BAC=50-angle of onset |
|
|
|
What drug categories do not cause nystagmus |
CNS narcotics CNS stimulants hallucinogens cannabis |
|
|
|
How many Heel To Toe steps is the subject instructed to take |
9 |
|
|
|
What is systolic pressure |
Highest value of blood pressure the blood reaches when heart is fully contracted |
|
|
|
What are the four validated clues of the one leg stand |
Puts foot down, use his arm for balance, sways, and hopping |
|
|
|
What are the eight validated clues of the walk and turn |
Balance, starts too soon, stops while walking, steps offline, wrong number of steps, misses Heel To Toe, uses arms for balance, improper turn |
|
|
|
Size of hypodermic needle |
The greater the number of the gauge the smaller diameter of the needle |
|
|
|
What is pupillary unrest |
The Continuous irregular change in the size of the pupils that may be observed under room or study light conditions |
|
|
|
What is the purpose of all of the eye examinations |
Obtain articulable facts indicating the presence or absence of specific categories of drugs |
|
|
|
What drugs are observed with HGN |
Depressants, inhalants, disassociative anesthetics |
|
|
|
What drugs are observed with vertical gaze nystagmus |
Disassociative anesthetics, depressants, or inhalants and high dose of alcohol |
|
|
|
What are some medical conditions that cause HGN |
Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, albinism, and head trauma |
|
|
|
What are the three clues of horizontal gaze nystagmus |
Lack of smooth pursuit, distinct and sustained nystagmus at maximum deviation, and angle of onset of nystagmus |
|
|
|
What drugs cause Loc |
Depressants, dissociative anesthetics, inhalants and cannabis |
|
|
|
How many seconds do you hold stimulus to check for distinct and sustained nystagmus |
Minimum of four seconds |
|
|
|
For LOC how far hold stimulus away from nose |
2 inches |
|
|
|
How many lighting conditions for eye examination |
Room light, near total darkness, and direct light |
|
|
|
What drug category causes miosis |
Narcotic analgesics |
|
|
|
What drug category causes mydriasis |
Stimulants hallucinogens cannabis and some depressants such as Soma Quaaludes |
|
|
|
Pupil size room light |
4.0 mm with range of 2.5-5.0 |
|
|
|
Pupil size near darkness |
6.5 with range 5.0-8.5 |
|
|
|
Pupil size direct light |
3.0 mm with range 2.0-4.5 |
|
|
|
What is average or normal within the DRE program |
Average is the quantity that represents the middle or typical value that the majority of healthy non impaired people would exhibit. Normal describes both a range of values or results that are close to average but can be above or below the average value |
|
|
|
What is an opinion |
A judgement based on special knowledge and experience |
|
|
|
Homeostasis |
The dynamic balance or steady-state involving levels of salts, water, sugars, and other material in the body's fluid |
|
|
|
What are the three ways drugs work |
1) Drugs mimic naturally provided substances 2) drugs cause an over release of substances 3) drugs causes substances to last longer |
|
|
|
What do veins do |
Carry blood to Heart oxygen-poor CO2 rich blood |
|
|
|
What do arteries do |
Carry blood away from the heart oxygen rich blood |
|
|
|
How many valves the heart |
4 left atrium right atrium left ventricle right ventricle |
|
|
|
What is blood pressure |
The force of the blood circulating in the arteries known as systolic |
|
|
|
What is Diastolic |
Diastolic pressure represents the minimum force that occurs when the heart relaxes |
|
|
|
How many parts does a neuron have |
3 parts: the cell body, the axon, and the dendrite |
|
|
|
What is Axon |
The part of the neuron that sends out the neurotransmitter or chemical messenger |
|
|
|
What is dendrite |
The part that receives the neurotransmitter |
|
|
|
What is the gap between two neurons |
Synaptic gap |
|
|
|
What nerves carry messages away from the brain to the body's muscles and organs |
Motor or efferent nerves |
|
|
|
What nerves carry messages to the brain |
Sensory or afferent nerves |
|
|
|
What are the two subsystems of motor nerves |
Voluntary and autonomic |
|
|
|
What are the two autonomic subsystems |
Sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves |
|
|
|
What do sympathetic nerves do |
Carry messages that cause blood pressure to elevate, pupils to dialate, sweat glands to activate, hair to stand on end, and heartbeat to increase |
|
|
|
What do parasympathetic nerves do |
Carry messages that causes pupils to constrict heart beats to slow peripheral blood vessels to dilate and blood pressure decrease |
|
|
|
How do drugs work |
By artificially creating Natural Body reactions generally associated with the work of neurotransmitters and hormones |
|
|
|
What is negative feedback |
When the brain accommodates the routine presence of a drug by turning off the supply of natural chemicals that correspond to the drug |
|
|
|
What is tolerance |
When a subject exhibits little evidence of impairment |
|
|
|
What is metabolite |
A chemical product formed by the reaction of a drug with oxygen and other substances in the body usually during the process of elimination from the body |
|
|
|
What is conjunctivitis |
A condition caused by infection allergy or irritation of the mucous membrane lining of the eyes resulting in a pink eye appearance |
|
|
|
What vital signs are relevant to the drug influence evaluation |
Pulse rate, blood pressure, and body temperature |
|
|
|
What is a pulse |
The expansion and contraction of an artery generated by the pumping action of the heart |
|
|
|
What is a pulse rate |
The number of pulsations in an artery per minute |
|
|
|
What is an artery |
A strong elastic blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body tissues |
|
|
|
What is a vein |
A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart from the blood tissues |
|
|
|
What time intervals do you use when measuring pulse rate |
30 seconds |
|
|
|
What is tachycardia |
Abnormally rapid heart rate |
|
|
|
What is bradycardia |
Unusually slow heart rate |
|
|
|
What is arrhythmia |
Abnormal heart rhythm |
|
|
|
What is the abbreviation for millimeters of mercury |
mmHg |
|
|
|
What are the sounds we listen for when taking blood pressure measurements |
Korotkoff sounds |
|
|
|
What are the 5 parts of a sphygmomanometer |
Pressure gauge, compression cuff, pressure control valve, pressure bulb, tubes |
|
|
|
What are the technical terms associated with blood |
Hypertension which is abnormally high blood pressure and hypotension which is abnormally low blood pressure |
|
|
|
When does the korotkoff sounds begin |
Phase 1 systolic clear tapping sounds |
|
|
|
What does the symbol HG represent |
Mercury |
|
|
|
Which of the seven categories of drugs generally will cause blood pressure to be elevated |
CNS stimulants hallucinogens dissociative anesthetics some inhalants(volatile solventsand aerosoles) and cannabis |
|
|
|
What do CNS depressants do |
Slow down the operations of the brain |
|
|
|
What is chloral hydrate |
A non-alcohol CNS depressant used to treat insomnia and relieve anxiety and induce sleep before surgery |
|
|
|
What are the six major subcategories of CNS depressants other than alcohol |
1)Barbiturates 2)non barbiturates 3)anti-anxiety tranquilizers 4)antidepressants 5)antipsychotic tranquilizers and 6) combinations |
|
|
|
Anti-anxiety tranquilizers are also known as |
Minor tranquilizers |
|
|
|
Antipsychotic tranquilizers are sometimes called |
Major tranquilizers |
|
|
|
What are examples of barbiturates |
Secobarbital, phenobarbital, pentobarbital |
|
|
|
What are examples of non barbiturates |
Chloral hydrate, Soma, Dilantin Lunesta, GHB,methaqualone |
|
|
|
What are examples of anti-anxiety tranquilizers |
Xanax, Klonopin, Valium, Librium |
|
|
|
What are examples of antidepressants |
Wellbutrin, Celexa, Cymbalta, Prozac, Paxil |
|
|
|
What are examples of antipsychotic tranquilizers |
Thorazine, Haldol, and lithane |
|
|
|
What are the methods of ingestion of CNS depressants |
Orally, insufflation, injection |
|
|
Symptomology |
CNS DEPRESSANTS |
|
|
|
What are the four groups of depressants based on onset and duration time factors |
Ultra short, short, intermediate, and long |
|
|
|
What CNS depressant usually causes pupils to dilate |
Soma Quaaludes and some antidepressants |
|
|
|
What is the generic name for the drug that has the trade name Prozac |
Fluoxetine |
|
|
|
Symptomology CNS stimulant |
Chart |
|
|
|
What does CNS stimulants do to the central nervous system |
Stimulants speed up the operation of the central nervous system |
|
|
|
What does CNS stimulants speed up |
Heartbeat pulse respiration blood pressure and temperature |
|
|
|
What are the subcategories of CNS stimulants |
Cocaine, amphetamines such as meth and desoxyn and others such as Ritalin and ephedrine |
|
|
|
What are the methods of ingesting stimulants |
Injection orally snorting smoking |
|
