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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Naloxone MOA |
Opiate receptor antagonist (blocker). By blocking opiate receptors it reverses the effects of opiates, particularly respiratory depression and sedation. |
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Naloxone INDICATIONS |
1. Opiate poisoning is suspected AND the patient has significantly impaired level of consciousness/impaired breathing. 2. Adverse effects from administration of opiates. |
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Naloxone CONTRAINDICATIONS |
Known severe Ax |
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Naloxone CAUTIONS |
Chronic opiate use. Risk of adverse physiological effects associated with rapid opiate withdrawal. E.g. tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, restlessness, muscular pain etc. |
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Naloxone IN PREGNANCY |
Safety not demonstrated, should be given if indicated. May be administered if pt is breastfeeding. Advise to stop and seek advice from LMC. |
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Naloxone DOSAGE |
0.1-0.4mg IV every 5 mins as req. 0.8mg IM, repeated every 20 mins. See paediatric drug dose tablets. |
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Naloxone ADMINISTRATION |
Preferred IV: Dilute 0.4mg to a total of 4ml. Solution now contains 0.1mg/ml.
Administer minimum dose to produce improvement. Rapid reversal can cause seizures, HTN, pulonary oedema or severe agitation.
IM: Administer undiluted. Lateral thigh preferred.
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Naloxone ADVERSE EFFECTS |
1. Sweating 2. Tachycardia 3. HTN |
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Naloxone ONSET |
IV: 1-2 mins IM: 5-10 mins |
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Naloxone DURATION |
30-60 mins May be shorter than the duration of action of the opiate. Therefore Naloxone may need to be repeated. |
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Naloxone PREPARATION |
Ampoule containing 0.4mg in 1ml |
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Naloxone PHARMACOKINETICS |
Predominantly metabolised in the liver. No significant effects from liver impairment on acute administration. |
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Naloxone INTERACTIONS |
None. |
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Naloxone ADDITIONAL INFO |
No role for naloxone in cardiac arrest caused by opiates. Cardiac arrest is secondary to respiratory arrest, once cardiac arrest has occurred, naloxone has no useful effect. If ROSC occurs, naloxone should still not be given as it may be associated with seizures, HTN, pulmonary oedema or severe agitation. No evidence to suggest 02 prior to naloxone reduces severity of agitation. However, treatment of severe hypoxia takes precedence over the administration of naloxone. Ensure planned team approach to maintain safety as pts can have severe agitation and/or aggression. |
