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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NEUROLEPTICS
uses |
-Schizophrenia: treats positive symptoms
-bipolar disorder -Tourette’s -Antiemetic: D2 blockade within CTZ |
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NEUROLEPTICS
MOA |
-antipsychotic effects: result of dopamine D2 blockade in mesolimbic area of brain
-also block dopamine, acetylcholine, histamine, & norepinephrine receptors in CNS & throughout body |
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NEUROLEPTICS
Adverse effects |
-acute dystonia: spasm of tongue, face, neck or back muscles
-Parkinsonism Bradykinesia Mask-like face Drooling Tremors Rigidity Shuffling GAIT Cogwheeling Jerky movement Stooped posture -Akathisia Extreme restlessness Adverse cont. -Tardive Dyskinesia Choreiform movements(rhythmic) Commonly tongue & face Result of dopamine receptor “hyperstimulation” Not treatable Potentially not reversible |
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NEUROLEPTICS
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) |
- acute dystonia (neurological movement disorder, in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures)
- parkinsonism (neurological syndrome characterized by tremor, hypokinesia, rigidity, and postural instability) - akathisia (unpleasant sensations of "inner" restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless) - tardive dyskinesia (is a disorder resulting in involuntary, repetitive body movements that can have a slow or belated onset) |
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Chlorpromazine
trade type |
Largactil©
LOW-POTENCY NEUROLEPTICS |
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Chlorpromazine
USED |
1st FGA, & prototype for all other FGSs
Schizophrenia(is primary use) Hiccups Other psychotic disorders: antiemetic |
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Chlorpromazine
Pharmacokinetics |
-PO, IM, IV & Rectal
-1st pass effect limits oral availability -excreted as metabolites by renal system |
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Chlorpromazine
ADVERSE |
-sedation
-orthostatic hypotension -anticholinergic effects -neuroendocrine effects -photosensitivity -tardive dyskinesia -lowered seizure threshold |
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Chlorpromazine
Drug interactions |
-CNS depressants
-anticholinergics |
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Haloperidol
trade type |
Haldol©
HIGH-POTENCY NEUROLEPTICS |
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Haloperidol
USED |
Schizophrenia / acute psychosis
Tourette’s syndrome Migraines: hypotension |
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Haloperidol
Pharmacokinetics |
-PO, IM, IV
-hepatic metabolism -renal excretion |
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Haloperidol
dose |
Prep 5mg/ml – 1mlAmpoule
Dose 5mg IV/IM q 15 min PRN (max total 10mg) Single 2.5 mg dose to pt > 65y/o |
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Haloperidol
MOA |
-Butyrophenone family
-D2 receptor antagonists -actions similar to Chlorpromazine -↑chance of EPS -↓chance other adverse effects |
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Haloperidol
ADVERSE: |
-EPS
-Neuroendocrine -QT interval prolongation |
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Haloperidol
Contra |
-hypersensitivity
-CNS depression -severe depression -Parkinson’s -seizure disorder |
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Droperidol
trade type |
Inapsine©
High-potency neuroleptics |
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Droperidol
USED |
-Neurolept analgesia
-post-operative N/V -no longer used prehosp for acute psychosis due to significant QT interval prolongation |
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Droperidol
MOA |
-Butyrophenone family
-D2 receptor antagonists |
