Nait Aht 140 Ch 1&2

Front 1

Anterior

Back 1

The head-end

Front 2

Posterior

Back 2

The back-end

Front 3

Cranial

Back 3

The head-end; same as anterior

Front 4

Caudal (or caudad)

Back 4

The tail-end; same as posterior

Front 5

Rostral

Back 5

On the head

Front 6

Craniocaudal direction

Back 6

From head toward the tail

Front 7

Caudocranial direction

Back 7

From tail toward the head

Front 8

Dorsal

Back 8

The backline

Front 9

Ventral

Back 9

The belly side

Front 10

Dorsoventral direction

Back 10

From back toward the belly

Front 11

Ventrodorsal direction

Back 11

From belly toward the back

Front 12

Palmar

Back 12

Underside of the front foot

Front 13

Plantar

Back 13

Underside of the hind foot

Front 14

Dorsopalmar direction

Back 14

From top-side of the front foot toward the underside of it

Front 15

Palmarodorsal direction

Back 15

From the underside of the front foot toward the top-side of it

Front 16

Lateral

Back 16

Away from the midline

Front 17

Medial

Back 17

Toward the midline

Front 18

Mediolateral direction

Back 18

From midline toward the side

Front 19

Lateromedial direction

Back 19

From the side toward the midline

Front 20

Lateromedial oblique direction

Back 20

From the side toward the midline

Front 21

Median plane

Back 21

A plane from head to tail

Front 22

Sagittal plane

Back 22

A plane from head to tail

Front 23

Transverse plane

Back 23

A plane dividing the part into cranial and caudal

Front 24

Semi permeable

Back 24

Permitting passage of some things but not others

Front 25

Diffusion

Back 25

Movement of particles across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 26

Vesicle

Back 26

Small sac-like structure to hold fluids or other materials

Front 27

Active Transport

Back 27

Facilitated diffusion

Front 28

Microscopic

Back 28

Too small to be visible to the naked eye

Front 29

Cytology

Back 29

Study of cells

Front 30

Lysosomal

Back 30

Pertaining to lysosomes – enzymes that break-down

Front 31

Intracellular

Back 31

Within a cell

Front 32

Intercellular

Back 32

Between cells

Front 33

Extracellular

Back 33

Outside a cell

Front 34

Cytoplasmic

Back 34

Pertaining to cytoplasm – the material inside a cell

Front 35

Vacuole

Back 35

An empty space. Vesicles appear as vacuoles under the microscope

Front 36

Chromatin

Back 36

Loosely woven DNA

Front 37

Phagocytosis

Back 37

Process of a cell taking on (“eating”) solids

Front 38

Pinocytosis

Back 38

Process of a cell taking on (“drinking”) fluid

Front 39

Exocytosis

Back 39

Process of a cell expelling somthing

Front 40

Mitosis

Back 40

Process of cellular reproduction

Front 41

Organelle

Back 41

Tiny cell part (organ)

Front 42

Physiology

Back 42

Study of how the body works

Front 43

Cellular membrane

Back 43

Surrounding envelope of the cell – protects

Front 44

Cytoplasm

Back 44

Mass inside the cell – supports cellular organelles

Front 45

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Back 45

Network of canals and sacs inside the cell – mechanism of transport

Front 46

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Back 46

Network of canals and sacs inside the cell – mechanism of transport; also provides an attachment site for ribosomes

Front 47

Ribosomes

Back 47

Organelles attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum – they make proteins

Front 48

Mitochondria

Back 48

“burns” glucose to produce energy for cellular functions

Front 49

Lysosomes

Back 49

Sac containing enzymes that can metabolize proteins

Front 50

Vacuoles

Back 50

Vesicles.

Front 51

Golgi apparatus

Back 51

Packaging organelles; package proteins

Front 52

Nucleus

Back 52

Contains all DNA

Front 53

Nuclear membrane

Back 53

Porous protective envelope around the nucleus

Front 54

Nucleolus

Back 54

Controls cellular activities