Nagy Biology

Front 1

Weather and climate are environmental conditions that affect populations and are known as what?

Back 1

density-independent factors

Front 2

What are the three main patterns of dispersion in a population?

Back 2

randomly spaced
evenly spaced
clumped distribution

Front 3

In what do the range of phenotypes shift toward one extreme?

Back 3

directional selection

Front 4

What is human height an example of?

Back 4

polygenic trait

Front 5

What happens to growth rate in the exponential model of population growth?

Back 5

remains constant

Front 6

What kind of environment do K-strategists tend to live in?

Back 6

stable and predictable

Front 7

What does natural selection act on?

Back 7

phenotypes

Front 8

In large, randomly mating populations, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes remain constant from generation to generation unless what?

Back 8

evolutionary forces act on the population

Front 9

What can the Hardy-Weinberg principle do?

Back 9

predict genotype frequencies

Front 10

What consists of all of the individuals of a species that live together in one place at one time?

Back 10

population

Front 11

The plot of the phenotypes of a trait in a population is a hill-shapted curve. What does the trait exhibit?

Back 11

normal distribution

Front 12

What type of dispersion would barnacles crowded together on a rock exhibit?

Back 12

clumped idspersion

Front 13

What type of flow is created from migration to or from a population?

Back 13

gene flow

Front 14

What would demographers construct to predict how a population will grow which is a hypothetical population with the key characteristics of the real population being studied?

Back 14

model

Front 15

What would a female robin who chooses a male based on how well he sings her on a rock exhibit?

Back 15

nonrandom mating

Front 16

What tend to produce few offspring that mature slowly?

Back 16

K-Strategists

Front 17

What do you call the population size that an environment can sustain?

Back 17

carrying capacity

Front 18

What do you call a shift in allele frequencies in a population caused b random events or chance?

Back 18

genetic drift

Front 19

What features of the population would you examine if you were determining how the size of a population might change?

Back 19

size
density
carrying capacity
dispersion
growth rate

Front 20

In what type of growth curve does the growth rate remain the same even though the population size increases steadily?

Back 20

exponential

Front 21

What is a type of nonrandom mating that decreases the frequency of heterozygotes in a population?

Back 21

inbreeding

Front 22

The growth rate remains the same even though the population size increases steadily in a(n)_________growth curve.

Back 22

exponential

Front 23

Name the forces that cause populations to evolve. There are five.

Back 23

1. mutation 2. gene flow
3. nonrandom mating 4.genetic drift
5. natural selection

Front 24

___________consists of all the individual of a species that live together in one place at one time. Populations tend to grow because organisms often have multiple offspring over their lifetime. However, limited resources in an environment eventually limit the growth of a population.

Back 24

A population

Front 25

One of the most important features of any population is its ________ ___________.

Back 25

population size

Front 26

The number of individuals that live in a given area is called __________ __________.

Back 26

population density

Front 27

A third feature of populations which refers to the way the individuals of the population are arranged in space is _______________.

Back 27

dispersion

Front 28

What do demographers use when they try to predict how a population will grow?

Back 28

population model

Front 29

When the rate of population growth stays the same and population size is plotted against time on a graph, the population growth curve resembles a J-shaped curve called a(n) _____ _____ _____.

Back 29

exponential growth curve

Front 30

The population that an environment can sustain is called the ________ __________.

Back 30

carrying capacity

Front 31

As populations grow, limited resources get used up. These resources are called______ ______ ______ because the rate at which they become depleted depends on the density of the population that uses them.

Back 31

density dependent factor

Front 32

The ________ _________ is a population growth model in which exponential growth is limited by a density-dependent factor.

Back 32

logistic model

Front 33

Many species of plants and insects reproduce rapidly. Their growth is usually limited by environmental conditions, also known as ______ _______ _________.

Back 33

density independent factors

Front 34

Many species grow exponentially when environmental conditions permit their reproduction. Such species are called_______.Their offspring are small, mature rapidly, and receive little or no parental care.

Back 34

r-strategists

Front 35

Slow growing populations, such as whales and redwood trees, are called __________ because their population density is usually near the carrying capacity (K) of their environment.

Back 35

K-strategists

Front 36

According to the _____ _____ _____, the frequencies of alleles in a population do not change unless evolutionary forces act on the population.

Back 36

Hardy Weinberg Principle

Front 37

What is the movement of alleles into or out of a population?

Back 37

gene flow

Front 38

Sometimes individuals prefer to mate with others that live nearby or are of their own phenotype, a situation called _____ _____.

Back 38

nonrandom mating

Front 39

The frequency of an allele can be greatly changed by a chance event, such as a fire of landslide. This change in allele frequency is called _____ _____.

Back 39

genetic drift

Front 40

A trait that is influenced by several genes is called a(n) ________ _________.

Back 40

polygenic trait

Front 41

If you were to plot the height of everyone in your class on a graph, the values would probably form a hill-shaped curve called a(n) _____ _______.

Back 41

normal distribution

Front 42

When selection causes the frequency of a particular trait to move in one direction, it is called _____ _____.

Back 42

directional selection

Front 43

When selection eliminates extremes at both ends of a range of phenotypes, the frequencies of the intermediate phenotypes increase. This form of selection is called _______ ________/

Back 43

stabilizing selection

Front 44

According to the _____ _____ _____, the frequencies of alleles in a population do not change unless evolutionary forces act on the population.

Back 44

Hardy Weinberg Principle

Front 45

What is the movement of alleles into or out of a population?

Back 45

gene flow

Front 46

Sometimes individuals prefer to mate with others that live nearby or are of their own phenotype, a situation called _____ _____.

Back 46

nonrandom mating

Front 47

The frequency of an allele can be greatly changed by a chance event, such as a fire of landslide. This change in allele frequency is called _____ _____.

Back 47

genetic drift

Front 48

A trait that is influenced by several genes is called a(n) ________ _________.

Back 48

polygenic trait

Front 49

If you were to plot the height of everyone in your class on a graph, the values would probably form a hill-shaped curve called a(n) _____ _______.

Back 49

normal distribution

Front 50

When selection causes the frequency of a particular trait to move in one direction, it is called _____ _____.

Back 50

directional selection

Front 51

When selection eliminates extremes at both ends of a range of phenotypes, the frequencies of the intermediate phenotypes increase. This form of selection is called _______ ________/

Back 51

stabilizing selection

Front 52

According to the _____ _____ _____, the frequencies of alleles in a population do not change unless evolutionary forces act on the population.

Back 52

Hardy Weinberg Principle

Front 53

What is the movement of alleles into or out of a population?

Back 53

gene flow

Front 54

Sometimes individuals prefer to mate with others that live nearby or are of their own phenotype, a situation called _____ _____.

Back 54

nonrandom mating

Front 55

The frequency of an allele can be greatly changed by a chance event, such as a fire of landslide. This change in allele frequency is called _____ _____.

Back 55

genetic drift

Front 56

A trait that is influenced by several genes is called a(n) ________ _________.

Back 56

polygenic trait

Front 57

If you were to plot the height of everyone in your class on a graph, the values would probably form a hill-shaped curve called a(n) _____ _______.

Back 57

normal distribution

Front 58

When selection causes the frequency of a particular trait to move in one direction, it is called _____ _____.

Back 58

directional selection

Front 59

When selection eliminates extremes at both ends of a range of phenotypes, the frequencies of the intermediate phenotypes increase. This form of selection is called _______ ________/

Back 59

stabilizing selection

Front 60

Nagy and Wagner
Biology I
Chapter 16

Back 60

Cut Apart and Study