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50 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
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Vitamin A Source
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Preformed: fats in foods from animals (butter, egg yolks, fatty meats, fish)
Provitamin Beta carotene (Vit A precursor): orange veg & fruits (carrots, sweet potatoes) and from deep green veg (broccoli, spinach |
Popeye
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Vitamin A Name & Function
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Retinol
* Function * Constituents of visual pigments bone growth, immune system, reproduction |
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Vitamin A Def & Excess
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* Deficiency *
Night blindness Dry Skin Respiratory infections Growth inhibition * Excess * Arthralgia Fatigue H/a Sore throat Alopecia |
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Vitamin B1 Name & Function
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Thiamine
* Function * Function—coenzyme to convert glucose into energy Maybe nerve conduction |
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Vitamin B1 Deficiency
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* Deficiency *
Dry Beriberi: polyneuritis, muscle wasting Wet Beriberi: high output failure, edema Wernicke-Korsakoff: CNS Hemorrhagic lesions, confusion, ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, memory loss, confabulation No Toxicity |
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Vitamin A
RDA measured in Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE) |
For men, 900 micrograms RAE; for women, 700 RAE)
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Vitamin B1 RDA
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Men 1.2 mg; Women 1.1 mg.
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Vitamin B1 Sources
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lean pork, fortified cereals, enriched flour, nuts, wheat germ yeast
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Vitamin B2 Name & Function
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Riboflavin
* Function * Coenzyme in metabolism of protein |
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Vitamin B2 Deficiency
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* Deficiency *
Angular stomatitis Cheilosis Glossitis Clients at risk: ETOH & Drug abuse, CA |
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Vitamin B2 Sources
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milk (opaque containers), dairy products, eggs, fortified cereals
Legumes |
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Vitamin B2 RDA
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Men 1.3 mg
Women 1.1 mg |
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Vitamin D Function
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* Function *
GI Ca/ Phos uptake |
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Vitamin D Sources
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butter, egg yolks, liver, fatty fish, fortified milk
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Vitamin D Deficiency
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Deficiency *
Osteomalacia (children) Osteoporosis (adults) hypocalcemic tetany |
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Vitamin E Function
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* Function *
Antioxidant: accepts free radicals to protect other vitamins and tissues "oxidative stress" |
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Vitamin E Deficeincy/ Excess
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* Deficiency *
Hemolysis and anemia Neurologic Problems Toxicity can occur in doses >40X RDA |
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Vitamin E Sources
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vegetable oils, whole grains & nuts, green leafy vegetables
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Vitamin E RDA
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1000 mg for adults
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Vitamin K Function
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Blood clotting and Bone Metabolism
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Vitamin K Deficiency
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Bleeding time increasing
Caused by poor fat absorption and GI flora reduction |
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Vitamin K Sources
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GI flora not enough
Green leafy vegies like salad greens and spinach, broccoli, brussel sprouts |
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Vitamin K RDA
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RDA for men 120 mcg; for women 90 mcg
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Vitamin C Function
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* Function *
Collagn synthesis, antioxident, Adrenal Gland function, Fe Absorption, Folic acid conversion |
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Vitamin C Deficiency
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* Deficiency *
Scurvy: swollen gums bruising anemia poor wound healing At risk for def: ETOH, poor, diet devoid of Fruits/Vegies |
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Vitamin C Sources
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scurvy, poor wound healing, increased risk of infections
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Vitamin C RDA
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90 mg. for males
75 mg. for females Add 35 mg. for smokers 1000 for healing |
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Vitamin B3 Functions
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Coenzyme in energy metabolism and synthesis of fatty acids
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Vitamin B3 Deficiency
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Pellagra: Dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia
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Vitamin B3 Souces
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Provitamin: Tryptophan
Enriched Grains |
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Vitamin C
Function |
antioxident
Collagen form Absorb Fe Renal hormones |
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Vitamin C
Sources |
Citus Fruit
Tomatoes Strawberries |
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Vitamin C
RDA |
90 mg M
75mg F at 35 mg for smokers UL 2000mg |
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Vitmin C
Deficiency |
Scurvy
poor wound healing |
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Vita B-6
Pyridoxine RDA |
1.3 mg
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Vita B-6
Pyridoxine Sources |
Whole grain, legumes
chicken fish pork UV sensitive |
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Vita B-6
Pyridoxine Function |
Metab of AA
Heme synth |
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Vita B-6
Pyridoxine Deficiency |
anemia
neuro changes impaired immunity |
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Vita B-6
Pyridoxine Toxicity |
Mega doses 2-6g/day
Neuropathy |
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Folate
Deficiency |
Megaloblastic anemia
effects show in rapidly div. tissues |
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Folate
Function |
Synth AA
Cell renewal Sunth DNA Mature RBC's |
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Folate
Sources |
Green leaf
legumes liver foods with ascorbic acid |
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Folate
RDA |
400mcg adult
600 mcg pg |
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Vitamin B12
Cobalamine Function |
Syn of DNA & RNA
Maintains myelin sheath RBC production |
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Vitamin B12
Cobalamine RDA |
2.4mcg adults
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Vitamin B12
Cobalamine Absorbtion Needs |
Gastric acid to strip food
Intrinsic factor for absorbtion |
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Vitamin B12
Cobalamine Sources |
Meat
Fish Poultry Eggs Dairy |
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Vitamin B12
Cobalamine Risk of deficiency |
Elderly
No stomach Vegans or ovo-vegs |
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Biotin
Function |
Role in gluconeogenosis
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Biotin
Sources |
GI Tract bact
Liver egg yolks PB |
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