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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the most common psychiatric disorders in the US?
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Anxiety disorders
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Define anxiety:
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Diffuse apprehension that is vague in nature and associated with feelings of uncertainty and helplessness
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What feelings are associated with anxiety?
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Isolated
Alienation Insecurity Apprehension Uncertainty Helplessness |
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What differentiates anxiety from fear?
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Anxiety has no object; it is provoked by the unknown and precedes new experiences
Fear has a specific source or object |
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What characteristic of anxiety can affect the therapeutic relationship?
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It is communicated interpersonally and can be "contagious"
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What is the underlying reason for anxiety's existence?
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Self-preservation
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What effects does mild anxiety have?
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Alertness, increased perceptual field; seeing, hearing, grasping more than before
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What is mild anxiety defined as?
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The tension of day to day living
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What is moderate anxiety defined as?
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The person focusing only on immediate concerns
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What effects does moderate anxiety have?
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Narrowing of the perceptual field
Seeing, hearing, grasping less Blocking selected areas |
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Definition of severe anxiety:
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Significant reduction in the perceptual field
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Characteristics of severe anxiety:
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Person focuses on a specific detail
All behavior aimed at relieving anxiety Difficult to focus on another area |
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Definition of panic:
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Awe, dread, terror, and the feeling of being unable to do things even with direction
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Characteristics of panic:
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Disorganization of the personality
Increased motor activity Decreased ability to relate to others Distorted perceptions Loss of rational thought |
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What system modulates the physiological response to anxiety?
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The autonomic nervous system
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Which branch of the ANS predominantly responds to anxiety?
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The sympathetic nervous system
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What behavioral responses are seen in a person with anxiety?
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Interpersonal withdrawal
Restlessness Startle reactions Rapid speech Inhibition Avoidance Flight |
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What cognitive responses are seen in a person with anxiety?
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Impaired attention/concentration
Forgetfulness Errors in judgement Blocking of thoughts Decreased perceptual field Decreased creativity Confusion Loss of objectivity |
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What affective responses are seen in a person with anxiety?
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Tense
Jittery On edge Jumpy Worried Restless |
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How is the presence of anxiety related to the presence of other emotions?
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Anxiety is usually observed in combination with other emotions
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What emotions function reciprocally with anxiety?
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Depression, guilt, and especially hostility
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Neurotransmitter primarily responsible for the regulation of anxiety:
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GABA
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The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain:
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GABA
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Three neurotransmitters responsible for regulation of anxiety:
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GABA
Norepinephrine Serotonin |
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Which neurotransmitter do benzodiazepines affect?
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GABA
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What physical conditions can predispose someone to anxiety?
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Trauma
Physical disorders Intoxication Poor diet Hormonal changes Poor blood supply Fatigue |
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Familial component of anxiety:
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Anxiety disorders run in families
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Relationship between family hx of psych illness and PTSD:
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People with family hx are 3x as likely to develop PTSD after a traumatic event.
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Psychological traits related to anxiety:
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Low self-esteem
Low resilience to stress |
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How do you increase one's resilience to stress?
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Undertake and master difficult tasks
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Four kinds of conflict:
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Approach-approach (two good options)
Approach-avoidance (goal has positive and negative aspects) Avoidance-avoidance (two undesirable options) Double approach-avoidance (both options have pros and cons) |
