N114 Theory Older Adults

Front 1

Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development – Older Adult

Back 1

Ego integrity vs. Despair

Front 2

Ego integrity vs. Despair

Back 2

*Have to deal with issue of mortality.
*Reflect on accomplishments of life and being satisfied with ones life.
*Increase basic needs for self direction and effective interactions and a sense of belonging as their network of friends narrows.

Front 3

Physiologic development of the Older Adult

Back 3

all organ systems undergo some degree of decline, body less efficient

Front 4

Cognitive Development of the Older Adult

Back 4

does not change appreciably, may take longer to respond and react

Front 5

Psychosocial Development of the Older Adult

Back 5

self-concept is relatively stable throughout adult life

Front 6

Theory of genetics and aging

Back 6

life span depends to a great extent on genetic factors

Front 7

Theory of immunity with Aging

Back 7

functions of the immune system, which is decreased with aging

Front 8

Theory of Cross Linkage and aging

Back 8

chemical radiation may cause damage to DNA and early cell death – increased with aging

Front 9

Theory of Free Radicals and aging

Back 9

molecules with separated high energy electrons have adverse effects on adjacent molecules, which are irreversible damage with aging

Front 10

Myth or Fact: Bladder problems are a problem of aging

Back 10

Myth

Front 11

Myth or Fact: Older adults are sick, and mental deterioration occurs.

Back 11

Myth

Front 12

Myth or fact: Most older adults are in nursing homes.

Back 12

Myth

Front 13

Myth or Fact: Old age begins at 65 years.

Back 13

Myth

Front 14

What is ageism?

Back 14

term used to describe stereotypic and often negative bias against older adults

Front 15

Changes of Older Adulthood

Back 15

Physical strength and health
Retirement and reduced income
Health of spouse
Relating to one’s age group
Social roles
Living arrangements
Family and role reversal

Front 16

Health Issues for Older Adults

Back 16

Health promotion
Self-management
Nutritional awareness
Physical fitness and mobility
Stress management
Accidents
Drug use and misuse
Mental/behavioral health problems
Elder neglect and abuse

Front 17

Risk factors that negatively impact aging:

Back 17

Alcohol abuse
Smoking
Depression
Lack of exercise
Obesity

Front 18

Health related screenings, exams, and immunizations for the aging adult

Back 18

Physical Exams
Breast, cervical, prostate, testicular, colorectal, skin, and oral cancer screenings
bone density screening
vision screening
immunizations

Front 19

Self-Management Concerns, Older adults must cope with significant _____ and Maintain ____-_____ through control over their daily lives

Back 19

losses

self-esteem

Front 20

Nutritional requirements of older adults ________ with aging.

Back 20

increase

Front 21

3 Physical changes affecting Older Adult's nutrition

Back 21

Diminished sense of taste
Tooth loss and poorly fitting dentures
Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance

Front 22

Nutritional needs in the hospital and nursing home:

Back 22

Anorexia and weight loss
Undernutrition due to drugs
Chewing difficulty
Immobility
Infections
Alzheimer’s disease

Front 23

Older Adult's Benefits of regular exercise include:

Back 23

Decreased incidence of falls
Increased strength
Reduced pain from arthritis
Fewer emotional problems resulting from depression
Increased longevity

Front 24

Are older adults at high risk or low risk of stress?

Back 24

High risk
(Coping skills are increasingly necessary for adaptation to the changes that occur in later years.)

Front 25

_____ are a primary cause of decreased mobility.

Back 25

Falls

(Risk assessment and interventions help prevent falls.)

Front 26

Causes of Accidental Injuries in Older Adults

Back 26

Changes in vision and hearing
Loss of muscles mass & strength
Slower reflexes and reaction time
Decreased sensory ability
Combined chronic illness and meds
Economic factors

Front 27

Due to lower reserve capacity in most ____ ______, higher risk for side effects and toxic effects exist with older adults and drug use

Back 27

organ systems

Front 28

Chronic ________ effects alter drug reactions.

Back 28

disease

Front 29

The policy of “__ __, __ __” is essential for the older adult group when care providers prescribe drugs.

Back 29

"start low, go slow"

Front 30

When is medication reconciliation in the hospital necessary for the older adults?

Back 30

At discharge and at any transfer

Front 31

Standards for legal and clinical competence relate to levels of _______ ability.

Back 31

cognitive

Front 32

________ can be a primary health disorder or associated with dementia.

Back 32

Depression

Front 33

_______ is usually a short-term mental condition, but can be fatal. It needs to be treated early

Back 33

Delirium

Front 34

______ risk is high among older patients who experience depression.

Back 34

Suicide

Front 35

Mental Impairment in Older Adults

Back 35

Dementia
Alzheimer’s disease
Sundowning syndrome
Cascade iatrogenesis

Front 36

failure to provide basic needs

Back 36

neglect (elder neglect & abuse)

Front 37

use of physical force that results in bodily injury

Back 37

physical abuse (elder neglect & abuse)

Front 38

mismanagement or misuse of property or resources

Back 38

financial abuse (elder neglect & abuse)

Front 39

intentional use of threats, humiliation, intimidation, and isolation

Back 39

emotional abuse (elder neglect & abuse)

Front 40

involves non-consensual sexual contact of any kind with an elderly person

Back 40

Sexual Abuse (elder neglect & abuse)

Front 41

All s/s of elder neglect & abuse must be reported within ___ working days to ___ ____ ____ (___):

Back 41

2

Adult Protective Services (APS)

Front 42

____ _____ limits activities in almost half of older adults.

Back 42

Chronic illness

Front 43

Meeting expenses of _______ is often difficult.

Back 43

healthcare

Front 44

Housing Options for Older Adults

Back 44

Home modifications
Homesharing, Accessory apartments
Senior retirement communities
Continuing care retirement communities
Assisted living
Board and care homes
Nursing homes

Front 45

What are direct benefits of exercise in older adult? (Mark all that apply)
a. Decreases anxiety
b. Reduces muscle strength
c. Improves sleep apnea
d. Increases mobility
e. Decreases risk of heart disease
f. Restricts caloric intake

Back 45

a. Decreases anxiety
d. Increases mobility
e. Decreases risk of heart disease

Front 46

In planning care for the patient wit dementia, the nurse identifies which intervention as the first priority goal of care?
a. Prevent cognitive decline
b. Reorient on a regular basis
c. Prevent injury
d. Assist with ambulation

Back 46

c. Prevent injury

Front 47

S/S of depression in older adults to be carefully evaluated by the HCP? (Mark all)
a. Early morning insomnia
b. Reluctance to participate in social activities
c. Anger and aggressive behavior
d. Increased appetite and overeating
e. Excessive daytime sleeping

Back 47

c. Anger and aggressive behavior
d. Increased appetite and overeating
e. Excessive daytime sleeping

Front 48

The leading cause of cognitive impairment in old age is:
a. Stroke
b. Malnutrition
c. Alzheimer’s disease
d. Loss of cardiac reserve

Back 48

c. Alzheimer’s disease

Front 49

Delirium in older adults is (Mark all that apply):
a. Temporary, acute confusional state
b. Permanent, progressive loss of cognitive function
c. Duration continues for hours to less than 1 month
d. Characterized by a rapid onset

Back 49

a. Temporary, acute confusional state
c. Duration continues for hours to less than 1 month
d. Characterized by a rapid onset

Front 50

Sundowning syndrome is a temporary state of confusion that can last from hours to weeks, and resolves with treatment. True or False?

Back 50

False