Myth & Meaning Test 2

Front 1

Circe

Back 1

~Daughter of Helios

~Spends a year with Odysseus

~Turns his men to pigs

Front 2

Eteocles

Back 2

~Oedipus’ son

~Takes the throne for the first year and refuses to surrender

Front 3

Polynices

Back 3

~Brother of Eteocles

~The curse of Oedipus causes the brother to kill each other

Front 4

Telemachus

Back 4

~Odysseus’ son

~Helps kill the suitors

Front 5

Charon

Back 5

~Ferryman of the underworld

Front 6

Eurycleia

Back 6

~Maid from Odysseus’ childhood

~Recognizes scar on Odysseus foot

Front 7

Theseus

Back 7

~King of Athens

~Son of Poseidon

Front 8

Alcinous

Back 8

~King of Phaeacians

~Arete is his queen

~Nausicaa is his daughter

Front 9

Elpenor

Back 9

Crew member died drunk falling off a roof night before leaving Aeaea (Circes place)

Front 10

Eumaeus

Back 10

~Swineherd and friend of Odysseus

~Has created a strong relationship w/Telemachus

Front 11

Melantho

Back 11

~Sister of Melanthius

~maidservant in Odysseus's palace

Front 12

Melanthios

Back 12

~a mean goat herder

~Melanthios also abuses the beggar in the palace (like her brother) not knowing that the man is Odysseus

Front 13

Hermes

Back 13

~Roman Name: Mercury

~God of Travel, Hospitality, Trade, Thieves

~born to Zeus and Maia

~personal agent of Zeus and messenger to Earth -also guides travelers and people to the underworld

-two snakes around staff *

-Guardian of Boundaries: Protected for/from boundaries *

-Guardian of Merchants: God of profit; becomes a trickster god

~Symbols: herald’s wand, winged boots, travellers cap and cloak

~Hugged Aphrodite for sooo long/so tight that they became one(Hermaphroditus)

Front 14

Hades

Back 14

~God of the Underworld, ruler of the death

~Roman Name: Pluto

~symbol: gold and silver

~weapon: pitchfork

~married to Persephone

~abducted her & brought her to the Underworld-brother to Zeus, Poseidon, Demeter, Hestia, and Hera

Front 15

Demeter

Back 15

~Goddess of corn, grain, harvest, agriculture, fertility

~Represents the seasons

~Mother of Persephone

~Daughter of Rhea and Cronus

~Symbols: Wheat and torch

Front 16

Artemis

Back 16

~Goddess of hunting

~Roman Name: Diana

~Virgin Goddess

~twin to Apollo

~protector of childbirth and labor

~symbols: bow and arrow, moon

~mother: Leto

Front 17

Ares

Back 17

~Goddess of Fury and War

~symbols: helmet, spear, shield

Front 18

Aphrodite

Back 18

~Goddess of love and sexuality

~Roman Name: Venus

~Born from Uranus’ castrated testicles

~Born in the sea

~Lover→ Ares

~Symbol: doves and sparrow

Front 19

Hephaestus

Back 19

~God of fire, volcanoes, and blacksmith

~Roman Name: Vulcan

~Symbols: fire, axe, hammer

~married to Aphrodite

~Ugly baby- thrown out of Mt. Olympus for being ugly/defending mom

Front 20

Freud- Psychoanalytical Theory

Back 20

~Myth allows expression of subconscious (has emotional content)

~Origin of myth: repressing impulses by fantasizingCharacteristics: condensation, displacement, representation, inversion, refraction, duplication

~Oedipus complex ->desire for sexual involvement with the parent of the opposite sex and rivalry with parent of the same sex

1. Oral eroticism stage

2. Anal-sadistic: in love with mom, destructive

3. Phallic stage: love with mom, rivalry with dad

4. Latency stage: adolescent

~Freud claims Oedipus punishes himself because he knew he really wanted to kill father and marry mother, not fate but human psyche

Front 21

Jung- Psychoanalytical Theory

Back 21

Myth is a product of healthy repression of archetypes (models)

Hero archetype: Stages

1. Trickster (Hercules, Hermes)

2. Hare = reckless thrill seeking (human becomes more human)

3. Redhorn (Buddha)= stage of superhuman strength, but person falls victim to hubris (Achilles?)

4. Twins= idealism of young adulthood, expresses mutual affinity of opposites, development of consciousness

Front 22

Folktales: Polyphemus

Back 22

~Cyclops in cave that devours people that he catches

~Over 100 versions

~Bunch of captives, usually sailors, roasts/eats them and falls asleep

~Survivors get cyclops drunk then blind him with a burning stake then escapes

~Odysseus calls himself “nobody”; cyclops hurt by nobody HAH (Homer added this part)

Front 23

Folktales: The Sirens

Back 23

-Creatures half bird and half woman who lured sailors to destruction by the sweetness of her song. According to Homer there were two Sirens on an island in the western sea between Aeaea and the rocks of Scylla.

Front 24

Folktales: ”Structuralists”

Back 24

”Structuralists” like to interpret everything in polar opposites. Attempts to see how myths from different cultures differ from one another. (Freud was a structuralist)