Myp Chemistry Unit 1 Vocabulary

Front 1

Radiation

Back 1

The process of radioactive materials emitting rays and particles

Front 2

Radioisotopes

Back 2

Isotopes of atoms with unstable nuclei

Front 3

Radioactive Decay

Back 3

The process of radioisotopes emitting radiation to attain a more stable nuclei.

Front 4

Half life

Back 4

The amount of time it takes for half of the atoms to become more stable.

RATE OF DECAY IS DETERMINED BY HALF LIFE

Front 5

Bombardment

Back 5

Radiation is being added to an atom

Front 6

Decay/emission

Back 6

Radiation is being produced

Front 7

Coulomb Force/Electrostatic Force

Back 7

A force that results from moving charged particles.

PROTON-PROTON= REPULSION

PROTON-ELECTRON = ATTRACTION

Front 8

FISSION

Back 8

a nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy.

Front 9

FUSION

Back 9

a nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy.

Front 10

PROTON

Back 10

A positively charged particle in an atomic nucleus.

Front 11

NEUTRON

Back 11

a particle in the atomic nucleus with a mass approximately equal to that of the proton but with no charge.

Front 12

ATOMIC NUMBER

Back 12

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. The atomic number determines which element an atom is.

For example, any atom that contains exactly 47 protons in its nucleus is an atom of silver.

Front 13

ISOTOPES

Back 13

Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes.

The element hydrogen, for example, has three commonly known isotopes: protium, deuterium and tritium.

Front 14

POSITRON EMISSION/RADIATION

Back 14

A proton becomes a neutron (which stays in the nucleus) and a positron (which is ejected from the atom).

Front 15

BETA EMISSION/RADIATION

Back 15

A neutron becomes a proton (which stays in the nucleus) and an electron (which is ejected from the atom).

Front 16

ALPHA EMISSION/RADIATION

Back 16

2 protons and 2 neutrons lost and leave as an ALPHA particle.

Front 17

GAMMA EMISSION/RADIATION

Back 17

A radioactive process in which an atomic

nucleus loses energy by emitting a gamma ray (a stream of high-energy photons).

Its atomic number and mass number stays the SAME.

Front 18

STRONG FORCE

Back 18

A force that acts only on SUBATOMIC PARTICLES that are extremely close together (must be right next to the subatomic particle) that overcomes proton expulsion.

Front 19

ATOMIC MASS

Back 19

the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units.

It is approximately equivalent to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom (the mass number) or to the average number allowing for the relative abundances of different isotopes.

Front 20

ATOMIC NUMBER

Back 20

the number of protons in an atom's nucleus which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.

Front 21

ION

Back 21

An electrically charged particle formed when an atom loses or gains electrons.

Front 22

CATION

Back 22

A positively charged ion.

Front 23

ANION

Back 23

A negatively charged ion.