Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): What is it? (pathology?)
|
Ischemia to heart. Commonly known as a heart attack, is the interruption of blood supply to a part of the heart, causing heart cells to die.
blockage (timeframe before damage: 30 minutes) |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): What is the cause?
|
This is most commonly due to occlusion (blockage) of a coronary artery following the rupture of a vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque, which is an unstable collection of lipids (fatty acids) and white blood cells (especially macrophages) in the wall of an artery.
|
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): Complications:
|
Arrhythmias
CHF Cardiogenic Shock: ↓ o2 and nutrients to tissue Papillary Muscle Dysfuntion: This leads to mitral valve regurgitation Ventricular aneurysm Pericarditis Pulmonary Emboli |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): What risk factors?
|
Tobacco
Hypertension Increase lipid level Obesity Family history Diabetes Decreased estrogen level Diets high in cholesterol Increased low density lipids Decreased exercise Most common with people shoveling snow |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): Signs & symptoms?
|
Pain
Nausea and vomiting Increased Sympathetic stimulus increasing norepinephrine and epinephrine= diaphoresis (excessive sweating) and vasoconstriction Fever Altered cardiac status: ↑ B/P then ↓ CO (cardiac output) cold sweat Increased B/P, then decreased C/O sweaty skin (diaphoresis) vasoconstriction (epinephrine released from sympathetic stimulus) fever Pain nausea, vomiting |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): Diagnostic tests?
|
EKG
Holter monitor Exercise stress tests Thallium stress tests Cardiac angiogram and angioplasty |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): Lab tests:
|
Cardiac enzymes: CK and CKMB onset in 1216 HR
Troponin I onset in 24 HR Serum electrolytes K Cholesterol LDL and HDL C-reactive proteins Why is potassium elevated with an MI? when cells die, potassium increases in that area. |
|
|
Myocardial infarction (MI): What tests to run for an MI?
|
Multiple-multiple question:
Triponin CK-MB Muga |
|
|
How do you know if person had an MI?
|
Signs & Symptoms:
Increased B/P, then decreased C/O sweaty skin (diaphoresis) vasoconstriction (epinephrine released from sympathetic stimulus) fever Pain nausea, vomiting |
