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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is myocardial infarction? |
A heart attack caused by prolonged blockage of an artery supplying the myocardium, resulting in hypoxia and subsequent death/necrosis of the cardiacmyocytes |
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What is the most common coronary artery to become blocked and cause a myocardial infarction? |
Left anterior descending artery |
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What is the trigger/main cause of myocardial infarction? |
Atherosclerosis |
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What are the symptoms of myocardial infarction? Remember “crushing” |
Chest pain Radiating pain in left arm, jaw or back Unrelieved by medication or rest Sweating (cool and clammy) Hard to breath Increased HR and B/P Nausea and vomiting Going to be anxious and scared |
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What is a silent myocardial infarction? |
No pain is felt during a myocardial infarction (common in diabetics and elderly due to neuropathy of nerves which would usually detect pain in the heart muscle) |
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What are the serum markers for myocardial infarction? |
1) troponin levels (rises within 2-4 hours of an MI and remains elevated for 7-10 days) 2) creatinine kinase (rises within 4-6 hours and returns to normal within 2-3 days) |
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How is myocardial infarction treated? |
1) supplemental oxygen (nasal cannula, 2-4L) 2) pain relief (GTN and IV morphine) 3) continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythms and enzymatic changes 4) other medications (i.e to prevent clot formation and to manage pain) |
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What complications can myocardial infarction causes the myocardium? |
1) irreversible necrosis/cell death 2) decreased contractility 3) myocardial remodelling (hypertrophy) |
