Myers Chapter 16

Front 1

biomedical therapy

Back 1

prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.

Front 2

eclectic approach

Back 2

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

Front 3

psychotherapy

Back 3

treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

Front 4

active listening

Back 4

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.

Front 5

aversive conditioning

Back 5

a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

Front 6

behavior therapy

Back 6

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

Front 7

client-centered therapy

Back 7

a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth. (Also called person-centered therapy.)

Front 8

cognitive therapy

Back 8

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

Front 9

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Back 9

a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

Front 10

counterconditioning

Back 10

a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

Front 11

exposure therapies

Back 11

behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

Front 12

family therapy

Back 12

therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.

Front 13

group therapy

Back 13

therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction.

Front 14

insight therapies

Back 14

a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses.

Front 15

interpretation

Back 15

in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

Front 16

psychoanalysis

Back 16

1) Sigmund Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; (2) Freud's therapeutic technique used in treating psychological disorders. Freud believed that the patient's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences-and the therapist's interpretations of them-released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

Front 17

psychodynamic therapy

Back 17

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.

Front 18

rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

Back 18

a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions.

Front 19

resistance

Back 19

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

Front 20

systematic desensitization

Back 20

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

Front 21

token economy

Back 21

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats.

Front 22

transference

Back 22

in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

Front 23

unconditional positive regard

Back 23

a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Front 24

virtual reality exposure therapy

Back 24

an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

Front 25

evidence-based practice

Back 25

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

Front 26

meta-analysis

Back 26

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

Front 27

regression toward the mean

Back 27

the tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.

Front 28

therapeutic alliance

Back 28

a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client's problem.

Front 29

antianxiety drugs

Back 29

drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.

Front 30

antidepressant drugs

Back 30

drugs used to treat depression and some anxiety disorders. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters.

Front 31

antipsychotic drugs

Back 31

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

Front 32

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Back 32

a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

Front 33

lobotomy

Back 33

a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

Front 34

psychopharmacology

Back 34

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

Front 35

psychosurgery

Back 35

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

Front 36

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

Back 36

the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.

Front 37

resilience

Back 37

the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.

Front 38

15% Technique

30% Therapists empathy, warmth, acceptance, encouragement

40% Factors outside of therapy, itself (support systems, economic status etc)

15% Client Hope and Expectancy

Back 38

What accounts for Theraputic Change?

Front 39

Result of nurture: environment

Tend to be nervous

easily agitated, volatile, prone to emotional outbursts

likely to be uneducated, unable to hold down a steady job

they stand out more

they are disorganized

spontaneous

Back 39

Sociopath

Front 40

Result of nature: geneticsCool, calm, meticulous, highly organized, unable to form emotional attachments

Back 40

Psychopath

Front 41

Aerobic exercise, adequate sleep, light exposure, social connection, anti-rumination(redirecting negative thoughts) and nutritional supplements

Back 41

What are 6 examples of lifestyle changes we can make to improve our resilience and enhance our mental health?

Front 42

Classical conditioning….Operant Conditioning

Back 42

Exposure therapies and aversive conditioning are applications of__________________. Token economies are an application of_____________________.