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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What mycobacterium are considered group 1?
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photochromogens, pigment in light
2nd most common in assoc w/ AIDS M.kansasii |
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What mycobacterium are considered group 2?
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Scotochromogens, pigment in light + dark
infect children 18months-7 years breaks the oral mucosal membrane treat surgically M. scrofulaceum |
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What mycobacterium are considered group 3?
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Nonphotochromogens, no pigment
1st most common in assoc w/ AIDS also called "Battery Bacillus" M. avium-intracellulare |
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What mycobacterium are considered group 4?
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rapid growers, no pigment
M. fortuitum, M. smegmatis |
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What 6 tests are used to differentiate mycobacterium?
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pigmentation in light/dark
niacin test- conversion of free niacin to niacin ribonucleotide, yellow = + nitrate reduction- NO3 -> NO2, red = + tween 80 hydrolysis- detects presence of lipase that splits tween 80 into oleic acid/polyoxyethylated sorbitol, pink = + catalase @ 68C- after 20 minutes Urease- pink = + |
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What are the test results for M. kansasii?
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slow grower, 10-20 days
pigmentation in light niacin - nitrate + tween 80 + catalase + urease + |
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What are the test results for M. scrofulaceum?
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slow grower, 10 days
pigmentation in light/dark niacin - nitrate - tween 80 - catalase + urease + |
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What are the test results for M. avium-intracellulare?
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slow grower, 10-21 days
no pigmentation niacin - nitrate - tween 80 - catalase - urease - |
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What are the test results for M. fortutim?
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rapid grower 3-5 days
no pigmentation niacin - nitrate + tween 80 V catalase + urease + |
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What must M. leprae be cultured in?
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mouse footpad or armadillo
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Describe the tuberculoid form of leprosy
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multiplies at site of entry, invades and colonizes schwann cells. induce t-helper lymphocytes, epitheloid cells, and giant cells. reactivity to lepromin is strong, CMI develops and remains vigorous. clinical signs are macule at cutaneous entry and loss of pain sensation.
lrg, flattened patches of skin w/ raised edges and dry, pale, hairless centers |
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Describe the lepromatous form of leprosy
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microbe proliferates within mphage at entry site. suppressor t-cells are numerous, but epitheloid and giant cells are rare or absent. CMI is impaired, lrg number of organisms appear in mphage and patient becomes insensitive to lepromin. gradual destruction of cutaneous nerves results.
thickening of looser skin parts of face (lion face), may cause severe bodily damage. |
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What is the treatment for leprosy?
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Dapsone for 2 years
If highly resistant, combine dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine |
