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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mycobacterium Characteristics Agents of ________ and other chronic infections in humans. Slow __________ and slender Obligate _____________. Cell wall contains: High _________ content. Do not readily _________ stain. |
TB growing aerobes lipid gram |
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Mycobacterium classification Over ______ species. MTBC - ___________________ tuberculosis complex - contains the most clincially significant pathogens: all species are capable of causing __________. NTM - _____________________ mycobacterium.- "atypical tuberculosis" found in the environment. ______________________ infections. Soft tissue and _____________________ infections. |
130 Mycobacteria TB Nontuberculosis Pulmonary Lymphatic
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Mycobacterium Specimen Collection Respiratory Speicmens Expectorated or nebulized _____________. Sputum should represent lung secretion from deep ____________. Early morning speicmens are preferred for _____ consecutive days. 24 hour collections are discouraged because of the increased possibility of _____________________ contamination.
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sputum cough 3 bacterial |
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Mycobacterium Specimen Collection Most frequently involves the ______________. Urine specimens should be collected for _______ consecutive mornings and centrifuged. Sterile fluid should also be __________________________. ______________ is prepared through lysis centrifugation. Tissue specimen should be _______________________. |
lung 3 centrifuged Blood homogenized |
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Mycobacterium Specimen Processing Decontamination Methods - weak bases such as 2% _______________. Digested - splits the disulfide bonds present in the _________________, which may trap the mycobacteria; sputum. |
NaOH mucin |
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Mycobacterium - Staining ________ ________ Stain Hot Method "Ziel-Neelsen" - ____________ and hot phenol are driven into the cell wall. Cold Method "Kinyoun" - detergent is used to force the ___________________ into the mycobacteria cell wall. Flurochrome - type of _____________. Auramine O - Stains yellow __________________. Rhodamine - _______ counterstain, stains other bacteria red florescence.
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Acid Fast Fushin carbolfushin stain green
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Mycobacteria - Culture Media Nonselective: Jensen, ______________, American Thoracic Society. Agar Based: Middlebrook _______ and _________. Selective: Gruft modified Lowenstein Jesnsen ___________ and Middlebrook. |
Petragnani 7H10 and 7H11 slant |
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Mycobacteria - Biochemical Reactions Growth rate - average ____ weeks. Pigment ___________. Colony ______________. Growth Temp - _________ range of temperatures. Niacin _____________. Nitrate ___________. Catalase and _______ stable catalase. Tween ___ hydrolysis. Arylsulfatase - enzymatic ___________. Pyanzinamidase. Urease. Growth in ____% NaCl. Iron _________. Growth on _________. |
3 production morphology wide production reduction heath 80 test 5 uptake MAC |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Characteristics ___________ infection Prevalent in ________________ communities. Spread by ___________ contact; ___________ to person. |
Chronic impoverished droplet person
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Mycobacterium - Clinical characteristics Cell mediated immunity is the __________ host defence. Very __________ clinical signs early in the infection. _______________ TB - reactivation TB may occur in those who hae primary TB pulmonary disease or immunosuppressed. |
primary few Secondary |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Diagnosis ______ - used to determine whether an individual has been exposed. __________ Positive Reactions - may occur if there has been a prior BCG vaccine or an infection with ________________ mycobacteria. ______ vaccine - used to prevent or reduce the incidence of disease in foreign countries but not recommended in the U.S. __________ - Blood tests. |
TST False nontuberculosis BCG IGRAs |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Identification Slightly curved ________ fast bacilli. _____ pigmented Fail to grow at _____, 42 and _____C. ___________ for Niacin accumulation. ________ stable catalase negative. Pyazinamidase ____________. |
acid non 25 45 positive heat positive
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Treatment Long term therapy - needed bc of the organisms slow ____________ time and also to prevent development of _____________. Initial treatment is _______ months. Followed by ___-____ months. Multidrug First line - Isoniazid, Rifamipin Second line- Streptomycin; initiated after the first line ________. MDR TB - _____________ resistant TB. |
doubling resistance 2 4-7 fails multidrug |
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Mycobacterium ulcerans - Characteristics Pale, _____ colonies Require _____-______ weeks to grow Fails to grow at 24, ____-_____ C. Biochemically "________" - fails to produce many positive reactions. Positive ___________ stable catalase. |
buff 6-12 35-37 inert heat |
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Mycobacterium ulcerans - infection _________ ulcers - cutaneous lesions, appear as lumps under the skin that do not heal. Organism is carried in the ______ and the water in ______________ regions. |
Buruli soil tropical |
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Mycobacterium bovis - characteristics Agent of ____ in cattle and other warm blooded animals; including _____________. Virtally elminated as a cause of ___________ TB as a result of _________________ of cow's milk. |
TB humans humans pasturization |
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Mycobacterium bovis - growth Does not grow at _____ or 42C. Evident on _________________ medium in about ____ weeks. Resembles water _________________. |
24 Middlebrook 3 dropletes |
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Mycobacterium bovis - Differentiated from M. tuberculosis _________________ Niacin Negative ____________ reaction |
Negative Nitrate |
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Mycobacterium leprae - Infections Agent of ______________ disease/leprosy. Affects _________, mucous ______________ and peripheral ___________. Two forms: Tuberculoid _____________- reddish skin lesions, _______________ nerve damage. Lepromatous ______________ Disease - widespread skin involvement with many systemic ___________ lesions and nodules, _______________ of the skin. |
hansen skin membranes nerves leprosy sensory Hansens skin thickening |
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Mycobacterium leprae - Identification Made through observation of ___________ bacilli. Characteristic skin ____________. Clinical _________________. |
acid fast lesions symptoms |
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Mycobacterium kansasii - Characteristics _______________ bacillius Growth at __________C, evident in 14- _______ days. Does not grow at ___________C. Chronic pulmonary ____________, may also cause soft tissue infections. |
Yellow 37 28 42 disease |
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Mycobacterium kansasii - indentification Rapid __________ 80 hydrolysis Rapid _______________ activity _______________ Pyrazinamidase reaction Nucleic ________ probe. |
tween catalase Negative acid |
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Mycobacterium marinum - Infections Associated with _______ infections, occurring as __________ and blue lesions. Often result from contact with poorly or ____________________________ water. |
skin red unchlorinated |
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Mycobacterium avium - Infections Opportunistic pathogen, epsecially those with ____________. Route of infection is through _______________ of contaminated __________ or ____________ or through aerosols. |
AIDS food or water
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Mycobacterium Avium - characteristics Growth at ____-____ and 42C. Most biochemical reactions are _____________. Positive heat stable _____________. __________ Pyrazinamidase. Nucleic acid _____________ available. |
35-37 negative Positive probes |
