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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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if looking for hormone excess, order a ____ test
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suppression (if looking for deficiency then order stimulation test)
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what psych med can cause diabetes insipidus (ie ADH deficiency
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Lithium
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most common cause of hypothyroidism in US
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hashimotos (vs iodine def mcc of hypothyroidism in world)
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on thyroid scan of nodules what does hot & cold mean
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cold--cancer
hot--benign |
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most common type of thyroid cancer
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papillary
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good way to distinguish hypercalcemia of hyperparathyroidism and of malignancy
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in hyperparathyroidism, Ca is high, PTH is high (would normally be turned off) SO phosphorous will be LOW
(normal phosphorous in hypercalcemia of malignancy) |
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how to distinguish hypoparathyroidism from paget's disease since both have low Ca and High phosphate
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hypoparathyroidism will ahve NORMAL alk phos
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+ chvosteks (spasm of jaw with tap of cheek) and + trousseaus (arms twitch if inflate Bp cuff) signs are indicative of what
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hypoparathyroidism
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causes of hypoparathyroidism
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thyroidectomy
digeorges syndrome |
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low cortisol, high acth, low na high k...dx
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addisons
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aldosterone stimulated by
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hypovolemia
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hypertension with high Na and low K...look for?
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primary hyperaldosteronism (will have high urine aldosterone and low plasma renin)
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diagnostic criteria for DM
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2 FBS >= 126 OR 1 RBS >200 with symptoms (polyuria, polydipsia, neuropathy, etc)
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Dawn phenomenon
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the normal inc in am cortisol causes inc glucose
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Somogyi effect
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hypoglycemia in pm causes reactive hyperglycemia in am
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sulfonylurea MOA
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make pancreas secrete more insulin
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Biguanides (METFORMIN) MOA
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stop hepatic gluconeogenesis and inc tissue sensitivity to insulin
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metformin contraindicated in
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renal/hepatic dysfunction and CHF requiring tx
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MOA of thiazolidinediones (i.e. rosiglitazone-Avandia; Pioglitazone--Actos)
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inc tissue sensitivity to insulin
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pts with T1DM should have what hormone test annually
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TSH
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if 0-1 risk factor for heart disease, what is LDL goal
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<160
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when prescribing Avandia (rosiglitazone), what precautions do you need to take
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LFTs q 2 months during first yr then periodically
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screening test for congenital andrenal hyperplasia
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17-hydroxyprogesterone
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only anterior pituitary hormone not controlled by a hypothalamus-releasing factor
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prolactin (controlled by dopamine)
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neurons of posterior pituitary have cell bodies in
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hypothalamus
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