Mw Biology Chapters 3-5

Front 1

each carbon atom can share pairs of electrons with up to ____ other atom(s).

Back 1

four

Front 2

sugars are a type of ______

Back 2

carbohydrate

Front 3

_____ is a simple sugar

Back 3

glucose and ribose

Front 4

unlike saturated fats the fatty acid tails of unsaturated fats incorporate one or more ________

Back 4

double covalent bonds

Front 5

uunlike saturated fats all of the unsaturated fats are beneficial to health because their fatty acid tails bend and do not pack together.

Back 5

false

Front 6

steroids are among the lipids with no ______

Back 6

fatty acid tails

Front 7

which is a class of molecules that encompasses all of the other molecules listed? triglycerides, waxes, lipids fatty acids, steroids, phospholipids

Back 7

lipids

Front 8

_________ are to proteins as _____ are to nucleic acids

Back 8

amino acids; nucleotides

Front 9

a denatured protein has lost its ________.

Back 9

hydrogen bonds, function & shape

Front 10

_______ consists of nucleotides

Back 10

RNA

Front 11

_______ are the richest source of energy in the body

Back 11

fats

Front 12

glycerol, fatty acids and phosphate are all

Back 12

phospholipid

Front 13

2 strands of nucleotides are

Back 13

DNA

Front 14

cell membranes consist mostly of

Back 14

phospholipids

Front 15

unlike eukaryotic cells prokaryotic cells ________

Back 15

have no nucleus

Front 16

the main function of the endomembrane system is buillding and modifying _________ & __________

Back 16

lipids & proteins

Front 17

no animal cell has a _________

Back 17

cell wall

Front 18

enzymes contained in _______ break down worn out organells, bacteria and other particles

Back 18

lysosomes

Front 19

what does mitochondrion do

Back 19

ATP by breaking down sugars

Front 20

what does chloroplast do

Back 20

photosynthesis

Front 21

what do ribosomes do

Back 21

protein synthesis

Front 22

what does a chain of amino acids make?

Back 22

polypeptide

Front 23

energy carrier in cells

Back 23

ATP

Front 24

one or more sugar monomers are called

Back 24

carbohydrate

Front 25

the richest source of energy is

Back 25

triglycerides

Front 26

the ______ is the smallest unit of life

Back 26

cell

Front 27

some protists are prokaryotes

Back 27

false they are all eukaryotes

Front 28

organells enclosed by membranesare typical features of _________ cells

Back 28

eukaryotic

Front 29

ribosome subunits are built in the ___________

Back 29

nucleus

Front 30

the plasma membrane is the outermost componant of all cells.

Back 30

false cell walls enclose the plasma membrane of many cells

Front 31

ribosomes preform

Back 31

protein synthesis

Front 32

smooth ER does what?

Back 32

assembles lipids

Front 33

Golgi body does what?

Back 33

sorts, packs and ships

Front 34

rough ER does what?

Back 34

associates with ribosomes

Front 35

in a lipid bilayer ______ of all the lipid molecules are sandwhiched between all the ______

Back 35

hydrophobic tails: hydrophilic heads

Front 36

by the _____ model cell membranes are flexible structures composed of a mixture of many different tyoes of molecules

Back 36

fluid mosaic

Front 37

most membrane functions are carried out by ______

Back 37

proteins

Front 38

organelle membranes incorporate ___

Back 38

transport proteins

Front 39

some ________ proteins are also receptors

Back 39

adhesion

Front 40

diffusion is the movement of ions or molecules from an area of ________ consentration to an area of _____ consentration

Back 40

more;less

Front 41

name one molecule that can readily diffuse across a lipid bilayer

Back 41

oxygen, CO2, water

Front 42

some sodium ions cross a cell membrane through transport proteins that first must be activated by an energy boost. this is an example of ______

Back 42

active transport

Front 43

immerse a living cell in a hypotonic solution and water will _______

Back 43

move into the cell

Front 44

fluid pressure against a wall or cell membrane is called _______

Back 44

turgor pressure

Front 45

vesicles form by ______

Back 45

endocytosis

Front 46

put the structures in order according to an exocytic trafficking pathway "plasma membrane, golgi bodies, post golgi vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum"

Back 46

post golgi vesicles, golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane

Front 47

discribe phagocytosis

Back 47

one cell engulfs another

Front 48

discribe passive transport

Back 48

no energy boost required to move solutes

Front 49

discribe recognition protein

Back 49

identity protein

Front 50

discribe active transport

Back 50

requires an energy boost

Front 51

discribe phospholipid

Back 51

important in membranes

Front 52

discribe gradient

Back 52

basis of diffusion