Musuloskeletal Sytsem

Front 1

Muscular Dystrophy

Back 1

Group of heredity diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of the muscles, leading to increasing weakness and debilitation, including Duchenne dystrophy

Front 2

Myasthenia gravis

Back 2

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive fatigue and severe muscle weakness, particularly evident with facial muscles and ptosis of eyelids

Front 3

rotater cuff injury

Back 3

Injury to the capsule of the shoulder joint, which is reinforced by muscles and tendons

Front 4

Sprain

Back 4

Trauma to a joint that causes injury to the surrounding ligament, accompanied by pain and disability, such as eversion sprain that occurs when the foot is twisted outward

Front 5

strain

Back 5

trauma to a muscle from overuse or excessive forcible stretch

Front 6

Tendenitis

Back 6

Inflammation of a tendon, usually caused by injury or overuse

Front 7

Torticollis

Back 7

spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles, causing stiffness and twisting of the neck

Front 8

arthritis

Back 8

inflammation of a joint usually accompanied by pain, swelling and, commonly, changes in structure

Front 9

gouty

Back 9

arthritis caused by excessive uric acid in the body

Front 10

osteoarthritis

Back 10

progressive, degenerative joint disease characterized by bone spurs and destruction of articular cartilage

Front 11

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Back 11

chronic, systematic inflammatory disease affecting the synovial membranes of multiple joints, eventually resulting in crippling deformities and immobility

Front 12

carpal tunnel syndrome

Back 12

Pain or numbness resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel

Front 13

Contracture

Back 13

fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

Front 14

crepitation

Back 14

grating sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture of joint destruction

Front 15

Ewing sarcoma

Back 15

malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow, usually in long bones or the pelvis, and most commonly in adolescent boys

Front 16

herniated disk

Back 16

herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposus between two vertebrae

Front 17

osteoporosis

Back 17

decrease in bone density with an increase in porosity, causing bones to become brittle and increasing the risk of fractures

Front 18

Paget disease

Back 18

skeletal disease affecting elderly people that causes chronic inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones and bowing of long bones

Front 19

rickets

Back 19

form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

Front 20

sequestrum

Back 20

fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

Front 21

Kyphosis

Back 21

increased curvature of the thoracic region of the vertebral column, leading to a humpback posture

Front 22

lordosis

Back 22

forward curvature of the lumbar region of the vertebral column, leading to a swayback posture

Front 23

scoliosis

Back 23

abnormal sideward curvature of the spine to the left or right that eventually causes back pain, disk disease, or arthritis

Front 24

spondylitis

Back 24

inflammation of one or more vertebrae

Front 25

ankylosing spondylitis

Back 25

chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin that first affects the spine and is characterized by fusion and loss of mobility of two or more vertebrae

Front 26

spondylolidthesis

Back 26

partial or forward dislocation of one vertebra over the one below it, most commonly the fifth lumbar vertebra over the first sacral vertebra

Front 27

sublaxion

Back 27

partial or incomplete dislocation of a bone from its normal location within a joint, causing loss of function of the joint

Front 28

arthrocentesis

Back 28

puncture of a joint space with a needle to obtain samples of synovial fluid for diagnostic purposes, instill medications, or remove accumulated fluid from joints to relieve pain

Front 29

arthroscopy

Back 29

visual examination of the interior of a joint and its structures using a thin, flexible, fiber-optic scope called arthroscope, which contains a miniature camera and projects images on a monitor to guide instruments during procedures