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20 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Protozoal meningoencephalitis sea otters:
Most important etiology? Less important etio? Definitive hosts of both? Diagnostic features? Other species affected by most important etiology? |
Sarcocystis neurona (def host: opossum). (Toxoplasma gondii: more latent encephalitis; def host: felids)
Features S. neurona meningoencephalitis: - gliosis (striking, widely distributed) - inflammation brainstem - inflammation cerebellar molecular layer Cats, mink, fisher, raccoons, skunks, ponies, Pacific harbour seals. |
JCP 2007 137,102-121
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Amyloidosis in black-footed ferret:
Most severe where in body? Which type of amyloidosis and technique to determine this type? Other important diseases in wild ferrets? |
Renal glomeruli (-> tubular protein loss, emaciation).
AA amyloidosis: loss of congophilia after oxidation with KmnO4! Wild ferrets: plague, distemper. Also C. perfringens type A gastritis, enterotoxigenic E. coli enteritis. |
JZWM 38(1):32-41 2007
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Name species which are sensitive to canine adenovirus type 1.
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Canids:
- red fox - grey fox - coyote - wolf Ursidae: - black bear - polar bear Procyonidae: - raccoon Mustelidae: - striped skunk - river otter - sea otter |
Vet Pathol 44:536-530 (2007)
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Cerebral larval migrans in sea otters:
etiology? lesions? |
Baylisascaris sp. (probably B. procyonis; the raccoon roundworm)
Tracts of malacia with mixed inflammation that may include eosinophils, associated with larval ascarids. |
CLDavis 2007 Thomas
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Domoic acid toxicity in sea otters:
Etiology? Lesions? Reported to be correlated with what other disease? |
Toxin produced by the diatom Pseudonitschia australis and other Pseudonitschia spp.
Diffuse neuronal necrosis in hippocampus. Reported correlation with dilated cardiomyopathy (usually with lymphocytic myocarditis). |
CLDavis 2007 Thomas
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Helicobacter in mustelids?
Etiology? 2 important mechanisms of disease? age affected? |
Helicobacter mustelae
1. stimulation of lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and loss of glandular epithelium most prominently in pylorus; 2. increase pH of stomach. Mostly in ferrets over four years. |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Most common neoplasm in ferrets?
Staining characteristics in histo? |
Islet cell tumors.
Strongly + for insulin, scatterde glucagon staining. |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Adrenal-associated endocrinopathy in ferrets:
Cortisol levels? Gross? |
Cortisol only rarely elevated!
Gross: bilateral symmetric alopecia, enlarged vulva (in spayed female!) |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Common spleen finding ferrets?
Most common histological features? |
Extremely common: splenomegaly. Cause unknown.
Histo: marked congestion and extramedullary hematopoiesis (ery, leuko, and megakaryo lines). Areas of coagulative necrosis bordered by neutrophils and granulation tissue may be seen. If rupture > hematoma, siderotic plaques, parenchymal fibrosis. |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Most common malignancy in domestic ferret?
Common forms in young and in old? |
Lymphosarcoma.
Young: large blastic lymphocytess, visceral neoplasms, often with large thymic mass. Older: well differentiated mature lymphocytes, peripheral lymphadenopathy, later visceral. |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Aleutian disease:
ferret vs mink? Gross lesions? Histo? |
Same parvovirus.
Mink: rapidly life-threatening immune-mediated glomerulonephritis, vasculitis. Ferret: slower progression. Immune comples glomerulonephritis in later stage. Gross lesions only late: splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, large brown-tan kidneys. Histo: prominent plasmacytic infiltrates in numerous organs, most prominently in renal intersitium, hepatic portal areas, and splenic red pulp. Marked membranous glomerulonephritis, protein-filled ectatic tubules. Both species: hypergammaglobulinemia. |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Only domestic animal species which is susceptible to the human influenza viruses?
Lesions? |
Ferret.
Rarely fatal. Congestion and exudation of nasal mucosa, mild reddening of tracheal mucosa. Mild subacute inflammation and occasional necrosis of nasal mucosa. Mild subacute interstitial pneumonia may be present. |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Chordoma:
In which species? Histo features? |
Ferret.
From remnants of primitive notochord. Most commonly at tail tip. Locally aggressive. Often infiltrate vertebral bodies. Foamy "physaliferous cells" separated by a moderate amount of myxomatous matrix. Multifocal areas of well-differentiated cartilage and bone within the neoplasm |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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The two most common types of neoplasms seen in the skin of the ferret are?
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1. sebaceous epithelioma
2. mast cell tumor |
ClDavis Selected Diseases of the Domestic Ferret, Bruce Williams
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Lymphomas in ferrets:
are they common? which type of lymphoma is most common? is the majority of high or low malignancy? |
3rd most common neoplasm, most common malignancy of domestic ferrets.
T cell type most common (63 %) majority is highly malignant. 51 % high Ki-67 score. |
Vet Pathol 44:196-203 (2007)
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Posterior paresis / paralysis in farmed mink:
Cause? Gross? Histo? |
beta-haemolytic Streptococcus sp.
Bone lysis and proliferation, usually centered on intervertebral disk space in midthoracic area. Neutrophilic inflammation, lysis of disk and vertebral body, fibrin, fibrosis, gram+ cocci. |
Vet Pathol 42:125-131 (2005)
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Myofasciitis in the domestic ferret:
Gross? Histo? Ultrestructural? 3 differences with megaesophagus? |
Gross:
- atrophy skeletal muscle - red and white mottling esophagus - splenomegaly - mild atrophy and hyperkeratosis tongue Histo: - Suppurative to pyogranulomatous inflammation in skeletal muscle and fascia of esophagus, heart, limbs, body wall, head, lumbar regions, smooth muscle and associated submucosa of small intestine, stomach, urinary bladder - myeloid hyperplasia spleen / bone marrow - circumferential inflammation in esophagus > thickening - neutrophils well-preserved E.M.: mitochondrial swelling, intracellular edema, disruption of myofibrils and Z bands Myofasciitis: young, suppurative to pyogranulomatous inflamm, no esophageal dilatation Megaesophagus: older, minor and different inflammation, esophageal dilatation. |
Vet Pathol 44:25-38 (2007)
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Ferrets with hyperadrenocorticism:
- morphology of pituitary gland? - morphology of adrenal glands? |
Pituitary: tumor in 2/10 cases, IHC for all pituitary hormones, characteristics of non-functional gonadotroph tumors.
Adrenal glands: uni- or bilateral alterations in 10/10 cases. Conclusion: persistent hyperadrenocorticism (excessive production of sex steroids!) is not dependent on persistent gonadotrophic stimulation. |
JCP 130(4):255-65 (2004)
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Gonadectomy-induced adrenocortical neoplasia in domestic ferret and laboratory mouse:
- pathogenesis? - name of syndrome? - clinical signs/gross lesions? - Histo, IHC? |
- gonadectomy (male or female)->chronic elevation LH->ectopic expression LHR->neoplastic transformation toward gonadal phenotype
- adrenal-associated endocrinopathy (AAE) or hyperadrenocorticism - bilateral symmetrical alopecia, vulva enlargement, prostate ductular epithelium squamous metaplasia, mating behaviour, thin skin, muscular atrophy, pot-bellied. - tumors express markers of gonadal steroidogenic cells: inhibin-alpha, GATA-4, ER-alpha |
Vet Pathol. 2006 Feb ;43 (2):97-117
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Common renal tumor in black-footed ferrets?
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renal tubular-cell neoplasms.
prevalence 21 % rarely metastasized usually as incidental postmortem findings multiple renal tumors were common often central osseous metaplasia, scirrhous reaction, central necrosis. |
Vet Pathol 43:276-280 (2006)
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