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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
His orchestra in Mannheim experimented with crescendo and decrescendo.
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Stamitz
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He was a child prodigy who composed for every medium, including the operas,The Magic Flute, Don Giovanni, and The Marriage of Figaro.
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Mozart
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For much of his life, he served the Esterhazy family in Hungary, where he wrote 104 symphonies.
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Haydn
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He was born in 1770 in Bonn; as an adult he made a living without a patron, experimenting with an increased orchestra and with the sturdier English piano.
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Beethoven
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This ensemble consists of two violins, a viola, and a violoncello.
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string quartet
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He was the librettist for The Marriage of Figaro.
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da Ponte
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He wrote the French play on which the above opera is based.
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Beaumarchais
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It is a piece for orchestra in 3 or 4 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
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symphony
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It is a piece for solo instrument and orchestra in 3 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
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concerto
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It is a piece for 1 or 2 solo instruments, in 3 or 4 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
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sonata
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It is a piece for 3-7+ instruments in 3 or 4 movements, the first in sonata-allegro form.
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chamber music
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An A B A pattern, it is often the form of second movements.
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ternary
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A comic play sung in Italian, it has recitative and ensembles, made possible by low male voices.
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opera buffa
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They are major and minor keys with the same key signature.
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relatives
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They are major and minor keys with the same key note.
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parallels
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The high female voice, it is most often assigned to young heroines in operas.
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soprano
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It is a pattern in which A stands for the main theme, which then alternates with other themes. The A theme should return at least 3 times as follows: ABACADA.
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rondo
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It is the high male voice which sings young, honorable, aristocratic heroes.
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tenor
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A keyboard instruments popularized in the eighteenth century, it can sustain pitches and crescendo-decrescendo.
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pianoforte
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It is the key note of a piece.
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tonic
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It is German comic opera with spoken dialogue.
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Singspiel
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It is the part of an opera buffa in which all the principal characters sing together, sometimes moving the plot. It happens in the middle and at the end of the opera.
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ensemble finale
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Serious Italian opera, it has a rigid structure, made up of a series of recitatives and arias, with a set number of arias required for each singer, depending on his/her place in the hierarchy of the cast.
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opera seria
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This type of texture became prominent in the classic period, particularly in instrumental music.
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homophonic
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It is a stately dance in 3/4 meter. Its pattern was adopted as the form of third movements of symphonies, sonatas, and chamber music when the piece has 4 movements.
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minuet and trio
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Beethoven used this form to replace the minuet and trio. It is a three-part form in a fast triple meter.
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scherzo and trio
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It is the pattern for the first movements of symphonies, chamber music, concertos, and sonatas. It has three parts, the first of which introduces two keys and usually two themes.
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sonata-allegro
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It is the second part of the sonata-allegro.
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The parts are exposition, development, recapitulation. I might give you either of them.
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It is the low male voice that sings buffoon or comic parts in the opera buffa.
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basso buffo
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He was the Hungarian Prince who was Haydn's patron for about 30 years.
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Esterhazy
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It is the term for a chord in which the notes are played in succession to provide a continual stream of sound rather than blocked all together.
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Alberti bass
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It refers to rural life and scenes, especially either to the nativity or to an idealized countryside.
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pastoral
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It was Mozart's birthplace, and every year a festival featuring his music is held there.
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Salzburg
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A distinguishing characteristic of opera buffa, it means groups of principal singers from duets to all the principals singing together.
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ensembles
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It is the middle female voice, and it is used for supporting female roles in opera.
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mezzo-soprano
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It is the lowest female voice, and it is used for older servants in opera.
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contralto
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It is the middle male voice, and it is used for fathers and for dishonorable aristocrats.
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baritone
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It is the lowest male voice, and it is used for servants, for priests, and for Jesus.
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bass
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It is a form in which a theme, usually of two phrases is sounded. It then returns in the exact same length, but it is altered either melodically, harmonically, rhythmically, or modally.
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theme and variations
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It is a showy passage for the soloist appearing near the end of the movement in an instrumental or a vocal work. It usually incorporates rapid runs, arpeggios, and snippets of previously heard themes into a fantasylike improvisation.
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cadenza
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He was court composer to Emperor Joseph II and his two successors in Vienna. He taught Beethoven, Schubert, Liszt, and one of Mozart's sons.
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Salieri
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