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109 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tonic
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do
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What is the inversion of a diminished interval?
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augmented
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vivace
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quickly/lively
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re
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supertonic
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What is the inversion of an augmented interval?
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diminished
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allegro
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fast/cheerful
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How large are voice ranges?
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an octave plus a sixth
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what are primary triads?
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triads built upon the 1st, 4th and 5th degrees of the scale (tonic, subdominant, and dominant)
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mi
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mediant
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What is timbre?
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the color of the sound
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allegretto
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moderately fast/somewhat cheerful
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ritenuto
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abruptly slower, held back
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how far apart are voice ranges?
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start and end a fifth below the next higher range
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what are secondary triads?
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triads built upon the second, third, sixth, and seventh scale degrees (supertonic, mediant, submediant, and leadint tone/subtonic)
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fa
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subdominant
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What is the overtone series?
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do
do sol do mi sol te do re mi fi sol la te ti do |
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sol
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dominant
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What are the perfect consonances?
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4th, 5th, octaves
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etto
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diminuative; lesser effect
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How far away can soprano and alto parts be?
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never greater than an octave
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la
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submediant
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What are the imperfect consonances?
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3rds, 6ths
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moderato
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moderate
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ino
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diminuitive; lesser effect
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How far apart can alto and tenor voices be?
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never greater than an octave
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ti
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leading tone
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What intervals are dissonant?
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2nds, 7ths, all augmented/diminished intervals
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andantino
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moderately slowly
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issimo
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intensifier; greater effect
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How far apart can tenor and bass voice parts be?
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all distances permitted
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What is the British name for a double whole note?
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breve
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pp
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pianissimo
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adagio
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rather slowly/at ease
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ando
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"ing" form of verb
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What is close position?
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the distance between soprano and tenor is less than an octave
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What is the British name for a whole note?
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semi-breve
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pianissimo
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very soft
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lento
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slowly
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allegro risoluto
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cheerful resolute
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What is the British name for a half note?
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minim
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p
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piano
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largo
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very slow/broad
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allegro con brio
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cheerful w/ liveliness
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What are the 2 examples of voice crossings?
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1. the alto/bass goes higher than the soprano/tenor or vice versa
2. any voice part may move TO the pitch but not BEYOND the pitch last presented by an adjacent voice part |
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What is the British name for a quarter note?
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crotchet
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piano
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soft
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assai
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very
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allegro agitato
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cheerful agitated
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What is open position
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the distance between soprano and tenor is greater than an octave
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What is the British name for an eighth note?
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quaver
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mp
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mezzo piano
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meno
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less
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What is the British name for a sixteenth note?
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semiquaver
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mezzo piano
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moderately soft
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molto
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much
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How many basic spacings are there for each chord?
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six
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What is the British name for a thirty-second note?
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hemisemiquaver
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mezzo forte
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moderately loud
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piu
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more
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andante cantabile, con alcuna licenza
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moderately slowly and songlike, with some license
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What is the British name for a sixty-fourth note?
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hemidemisemiquaver
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f
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forte
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poco
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a little
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alla turca
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to the Turk
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What are the 4 basic part writing rules?
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1. common chord rule
2. similar motion rule 3. contrary motion rule 4. double common tone rule |
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What is another name for the beam of an eighth note?
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beam/bar/ligature
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forte
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loud
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non troppo
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not too much
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meno mosso
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less moved
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What kind of motion exsists between two melodies?
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contrary
oblique similar parallel |
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What is it called when 2 notes are played at the same time?
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harmonic interval
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ff
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fortissimo
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mezzo
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half
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massig
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moderate (german)
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What is contrary motion?
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both voices move in opposite directions
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What is a tritone?
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an augmented fourth (equals 3 whole steps)
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fortissimo
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very loud
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accelerando
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gradually faster
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lento non ma troppo
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slow but not too much
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What is oblique motion?
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only one voice moves
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What are the types of minor scales?
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natural
harmonic melodic |
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crescendo
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increase volume gradually
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stringendo
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gradually faster and more intense
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soprano voice range
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middle C to high A
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What is similar motion?
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voices move different-numbered intervals in teh same direction
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What is the common chord rule?
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when the root moves up or down a 4th or 5th, keep one of the upper 3 parts the same and move the other 2 stepwise in the same direction
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What is the inversion of a perfect interval?
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perfect
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decrescendo
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decrease volume gradually
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allargando
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gradually slower and broader
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alto voice range
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F below middle C to high D
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What is parallel motion
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the voices move the same-numbered interval in the same direction
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What is the similar motion rule?
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when the root moves up or down - two voices will move a third and the other voice will move a second
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What is the inversion of a major interval?
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minor
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prestissimo
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very quickly
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rallentando
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gradually slower and slower
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tenor voice range
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B to G above middle C
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What is the rule about parallel motion?
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you can NEVER use parallel perfect 5ths, 8ves, or unisons
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What is the common chord rule?
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when the root moves up or down a 4th or 5th, keep one of the upper 3 parts the same and move the other 2 stepwise in the same direction
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What is the inversion of a minor interval?
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major
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presto
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quickly (faster than allegro)
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ritardando
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gradually slower and slower
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bass voice range
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low E to middle C
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What famous composer used tons of parallel 5ths and 8ves in his symphony?
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richard strauss
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When did the first staff appear?
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the 9th centry
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What was the staff like in the 9th century?
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Only used spaces
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What was the staff like in 980 AD
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2 colored lines were used (yellow=C; red=F)
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What was the staff like in 1000 AD?
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Guido D'Arezzo introduce the 4 line staff
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How many lines does the great staff have?
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11 (w/ one omitted)
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What are the essentials of the great staff?
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1. brace
2. G clef 3. F clef |
